PMID- 30550234 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190620 LR - 20200604 IS - 1733-1331 (Print) IS - 2544-4646 (Electronic) IS - 1733-1331 (Linking) VI - 67 IP - 4 DP - 2018 TI - Comparison of PCR, Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization and Blood Cultures for Detection of Bacteremia in Children and Adolescents During Antibiotic Therapy. PG - 479-486 LID - 10.21307/pjm-2018-056 [doi] AB - The gold standard in microbiological diagnostics of bacteremia is a blood culture in automated systems. This method may take several days and has low sensitivity. New screening methods that could quickly reveal the presence of bacteria would be extremely useful. The objective of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of these methods with respect to blood cultures in the context of antibiotic therapy. Blood samples from 92 children with sepsis were analyzed. Blood cultures were carried out in standard automated systems. Subsequently, FISH (Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization) and nested multiplex-real-time-PCR (PCR) were performed. Blood cultures, FISH and PCR yielded positive results in 18%, 39.1%, and 71.7% of samples, respectively. Significant differences were found between the results obtained through culture before and after induction of antibiotherapy: 25.5% vs. 9.7%. There was no significant difference in FISH and PCR results in relation to antibiotics. The three methods employed demonstrated significant differences in detecting bacteria effectively. Time to obtain test results for FISH and PCR averaged 4-5 hours. FISH and PCR allow to detect bacteria in blood without prior culture. These methods had high sensitivity for the detection of bacteremia regardless of antibiotherapy. They provide more timely results as compared to automated blood culture, and may be useful as rapid screening tests in sepsis. The gold standard in microbiological diagnostics of bacteremia is a blood culture in automated systems. This method may take several days and has low sensitivity. New screening methods that could quickly reveal the presence of bacteria would be extremely useful. The objective of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of these methods with respect to blood cultures in the context of antibiotic therapy. Blood samples from 92 children with sepsis were analyzed. Blood cultures were carried out in standard automated systems. Subsequently, FISH (Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization) and nested multiplex-real-time-PCR (PCR) were performed. Blood cultures, FISH and PCR yielded positive results in 18%, 39.1%, and 71.7% of samples, respectively. Significant differences were found between the results obtained through culture before and after induction of antibiotherapy: 25.5% vs. 9.7%. There was no significant difference in FISH and PCR results in relation to antibiotics. The three methods employed demonstrated significant differences in detecting bacteria effectively. Time to obtain test results for FISH and PCR averaged 4-5 hours. FISH and PCR allow to detect bacteria in blood without prior culture. These methods had high sensitivity for the detection of bacteremia regardless of antibiotherapy. They provide more timely results as compared to automated blood culture, and may be useful as rapid screening tests in sepsis. CI - (c) 2018 Tomasz W. Zrodlowski et al. FAU - Zrodlowski, Tomasz W AU - Zrodlowski TW AD - Thoracic Anesthesia and Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, John Paul II Hospital , Cracow , Poland. FAU - Jurkiewicz-Badacz, Danuta AU - Jurkiewicz-Badacz D AD - Vaccine Centre, John Paul II Hospital , Cracow , Poland. FAU - Sroka-Oleksiak, Agnieszka AU - Sroka-Oleksiak A AD - Chair of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland. AD - Department of Mycology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Czysta 18; 31-121 Krakow , Poland. FAU - Salamon, Dominika AU - Salamon D AD - Chair of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland. FAU - Bulanda, Malgorzata AU - Bulanda M AD - Chair of Microbiology, Department of Epidemiology of Infection, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland. FAU - Gosiewski, Tomasz AU - Gosiewski T AD - Chair of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - Poland TA - Pol J Microbiol JT - Polish journal of microbiology JID - 101229003 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Bacteremia/*diagnosis MH - Bacteria/drug effects/genetics MH - *Blood Culture MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - *In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Time Factors PMC - PMC7256870 OTO - NOTNLM OT - FISH OT - PCR OT - antibiotic therapy OT - sepsis COIS- Conflict of interest Author does not report any financial or personal connections with other persons or organizations, which might negatively affect the contents of this publication and/or claim authorship rights to this publication. EDAT- 2018/12/15 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/21 06:00 PMCR- 2018/12/01 CRDT- 2018/12/15 06:00 PHST- 2018/09/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/12/15 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/12/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - exeley [pii] AID - 10.21307/pjm-2018-056 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pol J Microbiol. 2018;67(4):479-486. doi: 10.21307/pjm-2018-056.