PMID- 30551467
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190401
LR  - 20190401
IS  - 1950-6007 (Electronic)
IS  - 0753-3322 (Linking)
VI  - 109
DP  - 2019 Jan
TI  - Beneficial effects of Thymus vulgaris extract in experimental autoimmune 
      encephalomyelitis: Clinical, histological and cytokine alterations.
PG  - 2100-2108
LID - S0753-3322(18)30663-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.078 [doi]
AB  - The imbalance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays an important role 
      in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental 
      autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Thymus vulgaris (thyme) as a traditional 
      medicinal plant has been reported to exert antimicrobial, antioxidant, and 
      anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study evaluated the modulatory effects 
      of Thymus vulgaris on the clinical symptoms, histopathological scores, and the 
      production of some anti-inflammatory (TGF-beta, IL-4, and IL-10) and 
      pro-inflammatory (IFN-gamma, IL-6 and IL-17) cytokines in EAE model. EAE was induced 
      by MOG35-55 peptide and mice were treated intra-peritoneally (i.p) with phosphate 
      buffered saline (PBS) in the control group or thyme extract (50 or 100 mg/kg of 
      body weight, every other day) in thyme-treated EAE groups, from day 0 to +21 of 
      post MOG immunization. Mice were sacrificed at day 22, and splenocytes were 
      isolated and re-stimulated in vitro with MOG in order to measure the cytokine 
      production and proliferation of re-stimulated cells by enzyme linked 
      immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and WST-1 reagent, respectively. The clinical 
      symptoms and histopathological scores of the CNS were lower in thyme-treated than 
      EAE control group. Furthermore, the production of IFN-gamma and IL-6 by splenocytes 
      was lower in thyme-treated EAE than in the control group. The production of IL-10 
      and TGF-beta increased in mice treated with thyme extract compared to the control 
      group. In this study, we showed for the first time that the immunomodulatory 
      effects of Thymus vulgaris in EAE model. Thus, the possible therapeutic potential 
      of thyme for treatment of MS could be considered in future research.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
FAU - Mahmoodi, Merat
AU  - Mahmoodi M
AD  - Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical 
      Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of 
      Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Ayoobi, Fatemeh
AU  - Ayoobi F
AD  - Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical 
      Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
FAU - Aghaei, Azita
AU  - Aghaei A
AD  - Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of 
      Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Rahmani, Mehdi
AU  - Rahmani M
AD  - Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical 
      Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
FAU - Taghipour, Zahra
AU  - Taghipour Z
AD  - Department of Anatomy, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
FAU - Hosseini, Azar
AU  - Hosseini A
AD  - Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of 
      Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Jafarzadeh, Abdollah
AU  - Jafarzadeh A
AD  - Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 
      Rafsanjan, Iran. Electronic address: Jafarzadeh14@rums.ac.ir.
FAU - Sankian, Mojtaba
AU  - Sankian M
AD  - Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical 
      Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: SankianM@mums.ac.ir.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20181126
PL  - France
TA  - Biomed Pharmacother
JT  - Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
JID - 8213295
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/*antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/*drug therapy/*metabolism/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Plant Components, Aerial
MH  - Plant Extracts/isolation & purification/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - *Thymus Plant
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Clinical score
OT  - Cytokine
OT  - Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
OT  - Thymus vulgaris
EDAT- 2018/12/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/02 06:00
CRDT- 2018/12/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/08/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/08/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/12/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/12/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0753-3322(18)30663-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.078 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Jan;109:2100-2108. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.078. 
      Epub 2018 Nov 26.