PMID- 30568653 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191002 LR - 20200309 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2018 TI - Combination Strategies to Optimize Efficacy of Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy. PG - 2759 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02759 [doi] LID - 2759 AB - Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that are essential for the activation of immune responses. In various malignancies, these immunostimulatory properties are exploited by DC-therapy, aiming at the induction of effective anti-tumor immunity by vaccination with ex vivo antigen-loaded DCs. Depending on the type of DC-therapy used, long-term clinical efficacy upon DC-therapy remains restricted to a proportion of patients, likely due to lack of immunogenicity of tumor cells, presence of a stromal compartment, and the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby leading to the development of resistance. In order to circumvent tumor-induced suppressive mechanisms and unleash the full potential of DC-therapy, considerable efforts have been made to combine DC-therapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or with checkpoint inhibitors. These combination strategies could enhance tumor immunogenicity, stimulate endogenous DCs following immunogenic cell death, improve infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or specifically deplete immunosuppressive cells in the TME, such as regulatory T-cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In this review, different strategies of combining DC-therapy with immunomodulatory treatments will be discussed. These strategies and insights will improve and guide DC-based combination immunotherapies with the aim of further improving patient prognosis and care. FAU - van Gulijk, Mandy AU - van Gulijk M AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. AD - Erasmus Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Dammeijer, Floris AU - Dammeijer F AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. AD - Erasmus Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Aerts, Joachim G J V AU - Aerts JGJV AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. AD - Erasmus Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Vroman, Heleen AU - Vroman H AD - Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. AD - Erasmus Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20181205 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Antigens, Neoplasm) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology MH - Cell Death/immunology MH - Combined Modality Therapy/methods MH - Dendritic Cells/*immunology/pathology MH - Humans MH - Immunization/*methods MH - Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells/immunology/pathology MH - Neoplasms/immunology/pathology/*therapy MH - T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology/pathology MH - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology/pathology MH - Tumor Microenvironment/immunology PMC - PMC6289976 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DC-therapy OT - chemotherapy OT - combination therapy OT - immune checkpoint inhibitors OT - radiotherapy EDAT- 2018/12/21 06:00 MHDA- 2019/10/03 06:00 PMCR- 2018/01/01 CRDT- 2018/12/21 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/11/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/12/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/12/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/10/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02759 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2018 Dec 5;9:2759. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02759. eCollection 2018.