PMID- 30587784
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231011
IS  - 2309-608X (Electronic)
IS  - 2309-608X (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Dec 26
TI  - Paracoccidioidomycosis in Immunocompromised Patients: A Literature Review.
LID - 10.3390/jof5010002 [doi]
LID - 2
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic mycosis found in Latin America that 
      causes systemic disease mostly in immunocompetent hosts. A small percentage of 
      PCM occurs in immunocompromised patients where low clinical suspicion of the 
      infection, late diagnosis, and uncertainties about its management are factors 
      that negatively impact their outcomes. We conducted a literature review searching 
      reports on PCM associated to HIV, cancer, maligned hemopathies, solid organ 
      transplantation, and immunotherapies, in order to check for peculiarities in 
      terms of natural history and challenges in the clinical management of PCM in this 
      population. HIV patients with PCM usually had low T CD4(+) cell counts, pulmonary 
      and lymph nodes involvement, and a poorer prognosis ( approximately 50% mortality). Most of the 
      patients with PCM and cancer had carcinoma of the respiratory tract. Among 
      maligned hemopathies, PCM was more often related to lymphoma. In general, PCM 
      prognosis in patients with malignant diseases was related to the cancer stage. 
      PCM in transplant recipients was mostly associated with the late phase of kidney 
      transplantation, with a high mortality rate (44%). Despite being uncommon, 
      reactivation of latent PCM may take place in the setting of immunocompromised 
      patients exhibiting clinical particularities and it carries higher mortality 
      rates than normal hosts.
FAU - de Almeida, Joao N Jr
AU  - de Almeida JN Jr
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3766-026X
AD  - Central Laboratory Division, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da 
      Universidade de Sao Paulo, CEP 05403-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. jnaj99@gmail.com.
FAU - Pecanha-Pietrobom, Paula M
AU  - Pecanha-Pietrobom PM
AD  - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de 
      Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, CEP 04039-032 Sao Paulo, Brazil. 
      paulampecanha@gmail.com.
FAU - Colombo, Arnaldo L
AU  - Colombo AL
AD  - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de 
      Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, CEP 04039-032 Sao Paulo, Brazil. 
      arnaldolcolombo@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20181226
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - J Fungi (Basel)
JT  - Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101671827
PMC - PMC6463037
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HIV
OT  - TNF inhibitors
OT  - cancer
OT  - kidney transplant
OT  - literature review
OT  - lymphoma
OT  - paracoccidioidomycosis
COIS- Arnaldo Lopes Colombo has received educational grants from Biotoscana, Gilead, 
      MSD, Pfizer, and United Medical and research grants from Astellas and Pfizer. All 
      other authors: none to declare.
EDAT- 2018/12/28 06:00
MHDA- 2018/12/28 06:01
PMCR- 2018/12/26
CRDT- 2018/12/28 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/12/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/12/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/12/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/12/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/12/28 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/12/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jof5010002 [pii]
AID - jof-05-00002 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/jof5010002 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Fungi (Basel). 2018 Dec 26;5(1):2. doi: 10.3390/jof5010002.