PMID- 30658381
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 2306-7381 (Electronic)
IS  - 2306-7381 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Jan 17
TI  - Challenges for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Vaccine 
      Design: Reviewing Virus Glycoprotein Interactions with CD163 and Targets of Virus 
      Neutralization.
LID - 10.3390/vetsci6010009 [doi]
LID - 9
AB  - One of the main participants associated with the onset and maintenance of the 
      porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) syndrome is porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an RNA virus that has plagued the swine 
      industry for 30 years. The development of effective PRRS vaccines, which deviate 
      from live virus designs, would be an important step towards the control of PRRS. 
      Potential vaccine antigens are found in the five surface proteins of the virus, 
      which form covalent and multiple noncovalent interactions and possess 
      hypervariable epitopes. Consequences of this complex surface structure include 
      antigenic variability and escape from immunity, thus presenting challenges in the 
      development of new vaccines capable of generating broadly sterilizing immunity. 
      One potential vaccine target is the induction of antibody that disrupts the 
      interaction between the macrophage CD163 receptor and the GP2, GP3, and GP4 
      heterotrimer that protrudes from the surface of the virion. Studies to understand 
      this interaction by mapping mutations that appear following the escape of virus 
      from neutralizing antibody identify the ectodomain regions of GP5 and M as 
      important immune sites. As a target for antibody, GP5 possesses a conserved 
      epitope flanked by N-glycosylation sites and hypervariable regions, a pattern of 
      conserved epitopes shared by other viruses. Resolving this apparent conundrum is 
      needed to advance PRRS vaccine development.
FAU - Stoian, Ana M M
AU  - Stoian AMM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6687-7134
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 
      Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. astoian@vet.k-state.edu.
FAU - Rowland, Raymond R R
AU  - Rowland RRR
AD  - Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 
      Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. browland@vet.k-state.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190117
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Vet Sci
JT  - Veterinary sciences
JID - 101680127
PMC - PMC6466263
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CD163
OT  - GP4
OT  - GP5
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - neutralizing antibody
OT  - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2019/01/20 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/20 06:01
PMCR- 2019/01/17
CRDT- 2019/01/20 06:00
PHST- 2018/12/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/01/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/01/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/01/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/01/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/20 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - vetsci6010009 [pii]
AID - vetsci-06-00009 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/vetsci6010009 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Vet Sci. 2019 Jan 17;6(1):9. doi: 10.3390/vetsci6010009.