PMID- 30658991 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200320 LR - 20221207 IS - 1468-2079 (Electronic) IS - 0007-1161 (Linking) VI - 103 IP - 10 DP - 2019 Oct TI - Normative pattern and determinants of outer retinal thickness in an Asian population: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. PG - 1406-1412 LID - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313159 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND/AIMS: To evaluate the distribution and determinants of outer retinal thickness in eyes without retinal diseases, using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS: Participants were recruited from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study, a population-based study among Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore. A total of 5333 participants underwent SD-OCT imaging in which a 6x6 mm(2) measurement area centred at the fovea. Outer retinal thickness was defined as the distance from the outer plexiform layer to the retinal pigment epithelium layer boundary. RESULTS: 7444 eyes from 4454 participants were included in final analysis. Of them, mean age was 58.4 years (SD 8.3), and 2294 (51.5%) were women. Women (121.0+/-8.1 microm) had thinner average outer retinal thickness than men (125.6+/-8.2 microm) (p<0.001). Malays (121.4+/-8.7 microm) had thinner average outer retinal thickness than Indians (124.3+/-8.6 microm) and Chinese (123.7+/-7.9 microm) (both p<0.001). In multivariable models, thinner average outer retinal thickness was associated with older age (per decade, beta=-1.02, p<0.001), hypertension (beta=-0.59, p=0.029), diabetes (beta=-0.73, p=0.013), chronic kidney disease (beta=-1.25, p=0.017), longer axial length (per mm, beta=-0.76, p<0.001), flatter corneal curvature (per mm, beta=-2.00, p<0.001) and higher signal strength (beta=-1.46, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In this large sample of Asian population, we provided normative SD-OCT data on outer retinal thickness in eyes without retinal diseases. Women had thinner outer retina than men. For the first time, these findings provide fundamental knowledge on normative profile of outer retinal thickness in Asians. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Dai, Wei AU - Dai W AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tham, Yih-Chung AU - Tham YC AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Chee, Miao-Li AU - Chee ML AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Majithia, Shivani AU - Majithia S AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Tan, Nicholas Y Q AU - Tan NYQ AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Wong, Kah-Hie AU - Wong KH AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Neelam, Kumari AU - Neelam K AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Cheung, Ning AU - Cheung N AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Sabanayagam, Charumathi AU - Sabanayagam C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4042-4719 AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Cheung, Carol Y AU - Cheung CY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9672-1819 AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Wong, Tien-Yin AU - Wong TY AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Cheng, Ching-Yu AU - Cheng CY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4916-6074 AD - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore chingyu.cheng@duke-nus.edu.sg. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. AD - Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190118 PL - England TA - Br J Ophthalmol JT - The British journal of ophthalmology JID - 0421041 SB - IM MH - Asian People/*ethnology MH - Axial Length, Eye/anatomy & histology MH - Ethnicity MH - Female MH - Healthy Volunteers MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Reference Values MH - Retinal Neurons/*cytology MH - Retinal Pigment Epithelium/*anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging MH - Singapore/epidemiology MH - Surveys and Questionnaires MH - Tomography, Optical Coherence OTO - NOTNLM OT - epidemiology OT - imaging OT - retina COIS- Competing Interests: None declared. EDAT- 2019/01/20 06:00 MHDA- 2020/03/21 06:00 CRDT- 2019/01/20 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/11/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/11/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/01/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/03/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/20 06:00 [entrez] AID - bjophthalmol-2018-313159 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313159 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Ophthalmol. 2019 Oct;103(10):1406-1412. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313159. Epub 2019 Jan 18.