PMID- 30666460 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190305 LR - 20200225 IS - 1432-8798 (Electronic) IS - 0304-8608 (Print) IS - 0304-8608 (Linking) VI - 164 IP - 3 DP - 2019 Mar TI - High frequency and diversity of parechovirus A in a cohort of Malawian children. PG - 799-806 LID - 10.1007/s00705-018-04131-7 [doi] AB - Parechoviruses (PeVs) are highly prevalent viruses worldwide. Over the last decades, several studies have been published on PeV epidemiology in Europe, Asia and North America, while information on other continents is lacking. The aim of this study was to describe PeV circulation in a cohort of children in Malawi, Africa. A total of 749 stool samples obtained from Malawian children aged 6 to 60 months were tested for the presence of PeV by real-time PCR. We performed typing by phylogenetic and Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis. PeV was found in 57% of stool samples. Age was significantly associated with PeV positivity (p = 0.01). Typing by phylogenetic analysis resulted in 15 different types, while BLAST typing resulted in 14 different types and several indeterminate strains. In total, six strains showed inconsistencies in typing between the two methods. One strain, P02-4058, remained untypable by all methods, but appeared to belong to the recently reclassified PeV-A19 genotype. PeV-A1, -A2 and -A3 were the most prevalent types (26.8%, 13.8% and 9.8%, respectively). Both the prevalence and genetic diversity found in our study were remarkably high. Our data provide an important contribution to the scarce data available on PeV epidemiology in Africa. FAU - Brouwer, Lieke AU - Brouwer L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3616-9070 AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Lieke.brouwer@amc.uva.nl. FAU - Karelehto, Eveliina AU - Karelehto E AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Han, Alvin X AU - Han AX AD - Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. AD - Laboratory of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Thomas, Xiomara V AU - Thomas XV AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Bruning, Andrea H L AU - Bruning AHL AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Calis, Job C J AU - Calis JCJ AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - van Hensbroek, Michael Boele AU - van Hensbroek MB AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Westerhuis, Brenda M AU - Westerhuis BM AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Amarthalingam, Darsha AU - Amarthalingam D AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Koekkoek, Sylvie M AU - Koekkoek SM AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Rebers, Sjoerd P H AU - Rebers SPH AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Phiri, Kamija S AU - Phiri KS AD - School of Public Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi. FAU - Wolthers, Katja C AU - Wolthers KC AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Pajkrt, Dasja AU - Pajkrt D AD - Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190122 PL - Austria TA - Arch Virol JT - Archives of virology JID - 7506870 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cohort Studies MH - Feces/virology MH - Female MH - *Genetic Variation MH - Genotype MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Malawi/epidemiology MH - Male MH - Parechovirus/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification MH - Phylogeny MH - Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology/*virology PMC - PMC6394728 COIS- CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None declared. ETHICAL APPROVAL: The SevAna study was ethically approved by the Ethics Committees of the College of Medicine, University of Malawi, and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom. For our present study, no ethical approval was required. EDAT- 2019/01/23 06:00 MHDA- 2019/03/06 06:00 PMCR- 2019/01/22 CRDT- 2019/01/23 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/11/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/01/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/23 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/01/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00705-018-04131-7 [pii] AID - 4131 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00705-018-04131-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Virol. 2019 Mar;164(3):799-806. doi: 10.1007/s00705-018-04131-7. Epub 2019 Jan 22.