PMID- 30668313
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190715
LR  - 20190715
IS  - 1618-095X (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-7113 (Linking)
VI  - 57
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - In vivo effect of quantified flavonoids-enriched extract of Scutellaria 
      baicalensis root on acute lung injury induced by influenza A virus.
PG  - 105-116
LID - S0944-7113(18)30603-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.009 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Scutellaria baicalensis root is traditionally used for the treatment 
      of common cold, fever and influenza. Flavonoids are the major chemical components 
      of S. baicalensis root. PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and action 
      mechanism of flavonoids-enriched extract from S. baicalensis root (FESR) on acute 
      lung injury (ALI) induced by influenza A virus (IAV) in mice. METHODS: The 
      anti-influenza, anti-inflammatory and anti-complementary properties of FESR and 
      the main flavonoids were evaluated in vitro. Mice were challenged intranasally 
      with influenza virus H1N1 (A/FM/1/47) 2  h before treatment. FESR (50, 100 and 
      200  mg/kg) was administrated intragastrically. Baicalin (BG), the most abundant 
      compound in FESR was given as reference control. Survival rates, life spans and 
      lung indexes of IAV-infected mice were measured. Histopathological changes, virus 
      levels, inflammatory markers and complement deposition in lungs were analyzed. 
      RESULT: Compared with the main compound BG, FESR and lower content aglycones 
      (baicalein, oroxylin A, wogonin and chrysin) in FESR significantly inhibited H1N1 
      activity in virus-infected Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and markedly 
      decreased nitric oxide (NO) production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated 
      RAW264.7 cells. In vitro assays showed that FESR and BG had no anti-complementary 
      activity whereas baicalein, oroxylin A, wogonin and chrysin exhibited obvious 
      anti-complementary activity. Oral administration of FESR effectively protected 
      the IAV-infected mice, increased the survival rate (FESR: 67%; BG: 33%), 
      decreased the lung index (FESR: 0.90; BG: 1.00) and improved the lung morphology 
      in comparing with BG group. FESR efficiently decreased lung virus titers, reduced 
      haemagglutinin (HA) titers and inhibited neuraminidase (NA) activities in lungs 
      of IAV-infected mice. FESR modulated the inflammatory responses by decreasing the 
      levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte 
      chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and increasing the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) 
      and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in lung tissues. Although showing no 
      anti-complementary activity in vitro, FESR obviously reduced complement 
      deposition and decreased complement activation product level in the lung . 
      CONCLUSION: FESR has a great potential for the treatment of ALI induced by IAV 
      and the underlying action mechanism might be closely associated with antiviral, 
      anti-inflammatory and anti-complementary properties. Furthermore, FESR resulted 
      in more potent therapeutic effect than BG in the treatment of IAV-induced ALI.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhi, Hai-Juan
AU  - Zhi HJ
AD  - Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 
      201203, China.
FAU - Zhu, Hai-Yan
AU  - Zhu HY
AD  - Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan 
      University, Shanghai 201203, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yun-Yi
AU  - Zhang YY
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 
      201203, China.
FAU - Lu, Yan
AU  - Lu Y
AD  - Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 
      201203, China.
FAU - Li, Hong
AU  - Li H
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 
      201203, China. Electronic address: lxzhang@shmu.edu.cn.
FAU - Chen, Dao-Feng
AU  - Chen DF
AD  - Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 
      201203, China. Electronic address: dfchen@shmu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20181210
PL  - Germany
TA  - Phytomedicine
JT  - Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
JID - 9438794
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal)
RN  - 0 (Antiviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (Flavonoids)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute Lung Injury/*drug therapy/virology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Antiviral Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Dogs
MH  - Flavonoids/analysis/*pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity
MH  - Lung/drug effects/pathology/virology
MH  - Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*complications/drug therapy
MH  - Plant Extracts/pharmacology
MH  - Plant Roots/chemistry
MH  - Scutellaria baicalensis/*chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acute lung injury
OT  - Anti-complementary activity
OT  - Anti-inflammatory activity
OT  - Antiviral activity
OT  - Flavonoids-enriched extract from Scutellaria baicalensis root
OT  - Influenza A virus
EDAT- 2019/01/23 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/16 06:00
CRDT- 2019/01/23 06:00
PHST- 2018/09/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/12/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/12/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/01/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/23 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0944-7113(18)30603-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Phytomedicine. 2019 Apr;57:105-116. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.009. Epub 2018 
      Dec 10.