PMID- 30687097 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20201001 IS - 1663-9812 (Print) IS - 1663-9812 (Electronic) IS - 1663-9812 (Linking) VI - 9 DP - 2018 TI - Contribution of Nrf2 Modulation to the Mechanism of Action of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Pre-clinical and Clinical Stages. PG - 1536 LID - 10.3389/fphar.2018.01536 [doi] LID - 1536 AB - Despite the progress that has occurred in recent years in the development of therapies to treat painful and inflammatory diseases, there is still a need for effective and potent analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. It has long been known that several types of antioxidants also possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, indicating a strong relationship between inflammation and oxidative stress. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of action of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, as well as essential targets in disease physiopathology, is essential to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The Nuclear factor-2 erythroid related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates cellular redox status through endogenous antioxidant systems with simultaneous anti-inflammatory activity. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and pharmacological actions screened that link analgesic, anti-inflammatory, natural products, and other therapies to Nrf2 as a regulatory system based on emerging evidences from experimental disease models and new clinical trial data. FAU - Staurengo-Ferrari, Larissa AU - Staurengo-Ferrari L AD - Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. FAU - Badaro-Garcia, Stephanie AU - Badaro-Garcia S AD - Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. FAU - Hohmann, Miriam S N AU - Hohmann MSN AD - Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. FAU - Manchope, Marilia F AU - Manchope MF AD - Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. FAU - Zaninelli, Tiago H AU - Zaninelli TH AD - Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. FAU - Casagrande, Rubia AU - Casagrande R AD - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. FAU - Verri, Waldiceu A Jr AU - Verri WA Jr AD - Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190111 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Pharmacol JT - Frontiers in pharmacology JID - 101548923 PMC - PMC6337248 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Keap1 OT - Nrf2 OT - analgesic OT - anti-inflammatory OT - antioxidant OT - inflammation OT - oxidative stress OT - pain EDAT- 2019/01/29 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/29 06:01 PMCR- 2019/01/11 CRDT- 2019/01/29 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/12/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/01/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/01/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fphar.2018.01536 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jan 11;9:1536. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01536. eCollection 2018.