PMID- 30691187 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190624 LR - 20231006 IS - 1660-4601 (Electronic) IS - 1661-7827 (Print) IS - 1660-4601 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 3 DP - 2019 Jan 27 TI - Interactive Effects between Chronic Lead Exposure and the Homeostatic Iron Regulator Transport HFE Polymorphism on the Human Red Blood Cell Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV). LID - 10.3390/ijerph16030354 [doi] LID - 354 AB - Research has shown that long-term exposure to lead harms the hematological system. The homeostatic iron regulator HFE (hemochromatosis) mutation, which has been shown to affect iron absorption and iron overload, is hypothesized to be related to lead intoxication in vulnerable individuals. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the HFE genotype modifies the blood lead levels that affect the distributions of serum iron and other red blood cell indices. Overall, 121 lead workers and 117 unexposed age-matched subjects were recruited for the study. The collected data included the blood lead levels, complete blood count, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin, and ferritin, which were measured during regular physical examinations. All subjects filled out questionnaires that included demographic information, medical history, and alcohol and tobacco consumption. HFE genotyping for C282Y and H63D was determined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP). The mean blood lead level in lead workers was 19.75 microg/dL and was 2.86 microg/dL in unexposed subjects. Of 238 subjects, 221 (92.9%) subjects were wild-type (CCHH) for HFE C282Y and H63D, and 17 (7.1%) subjects were heterozygous for a H63D mutation (CCHD). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that blood lead was significantly negatively associated with hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), whereas the HFE variant was associated negatively with MCV and positively with ferritin. An interactive influence on MCV was identified between blood lead and HFE variants. Our research found a significant modifying effect of the HFE variant, which possibly affected MCV. The HFE H63D heterozygous (CCHD) variant seemed to provide a protective factor against lead toxicity. Future studies should focus on competing binding proteins between iron and lead influenced by gene variation. FAU - Chen, Chien-Juan AU - Chen CJ AD - Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. jerson.chen@chens.tw. FAU - Lin, Ting-Yi AU - Lin TY AD - Master Program of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. chy@seed.net.tw. FAU - Wang, Chao-Ling AU - Wang CL AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. florawang0913@gmail.com. FAU - Ho, Chi-Kung AU - Ho CK AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. kmco6849@gmail.com. AD - Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. kmco6849@gmail.com. FAU - Chuang, Hung-Yi AU - Chuang HY AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8321-8720 AD - Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. ericch@cc.kmu.edu.tw. AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. ericch@cc.kmu.edu.tw. AD - Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. ericch@cc.kmu.edu.tw. FAU - Yu, Hsin-Su AU - Yu HS AD - Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. yup.kmu@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190127 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Environ Res Public Health JT - International journal of environmental research and public health JID - 101238455 RN - 0 (HFE protein, human) RN - 0 (Hemochromatosis Protein) RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) RN - 0 (Transferrin) RN - 2P299V784P (Lead) RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) RN - E1UOL152H7 (Iron) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Erythrocyte Indices MH - Erythrocytes/metabolism MH - Female MH - Ferritins/blood MH - Genotype MH - Hemochromatosis Protein/*genetics MH - Hemoglobins/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Iron/*blood MH - Lead/*blood MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Mutation MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Transferrin/metabolism PMC - PMC6388122 OTO - NOTNLM OT - HFE OT - ferritin OT - hemochromatosis OT - lead OT - mean corpuscular volume MCV COIS- The authors have no competing financial interests to declare. EDAT- 2019/01/30 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/25 06:00 PMCR- 2019/02/01 CRDT- 2019/01/30 06:00 PHST- 2018/11/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/01/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/01/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/01/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijerph16030354 [pii] AID - ijerph-16-00354 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijerph16030354 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 27;16(3):354. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030354.