PMID- 30699142
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191021
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019
TI  - Sporosarcina pasteurii can form nanoscale calcium carbonate crystals on cell 
      surface.
PG  - e0210339
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0210339 [doi]
LID - e0210339
AB  - The bacterium Sporosarcina pasteurii (SP) is known for its ability to cause the 
      phenomenon of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). We 
      explored bacterial participation in the initial stages of the MICP process at the 
      cellular length scale under two different growth environments (a) liquid culture 
      (b) MICP in a soft agar (0.5%) column. In the liquid culture, ex-situ imaging of 
      the cellular environment indicated that S. pasteurii was facilitating nucleation 
      of nanoscale crystals of calcium carbonate on bacterial cell surface and its 
      growth via ureolysis. During the same period, the meso-scale environment (bulk 
      medium) was found to have overgrown calcium carbonate crystals. The effect of 
      media components (urea, CaCl2), presence of live and dead in the growth medium 
      were explored. The agar column method allows for in-situ visualization of the 
      phenomena, and using this platform, we found conclusive evidence of the bacterial 
      cell surface facilitating formation of nanoscale crystals in the 
      microenvironment. Here also the bulk environment or the meso-scale environment 
      was found to possess overgrown calcium carbonate crystals. Extensive elemental 
      analysis using Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray powder 
      diffraction (XRD), confirmed that the crystals to be calcium carbonate, and two 
      different polymorphs (calcite and vaterite) were identified. Active participation 
      of S. pasteurii cell surface as the site of calcium carbonate precipitation has 
      been shown using EDS elemental mapping with Scanning transmission electron 
      microscopy (STEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
FAU - Ghosh, Tanushree
AU  - Ghosh T
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Bhaduri, Swayamdipta
AU  - Bhaduri S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3001-9007
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Montemagno, Carlo
AU  - Montemagno C
AD  - Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 
      Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Kumar, Aloke
AU  - Kumar A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7797-8336
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 
      Karnataka, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190130
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
RN  - H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomineralization
MH  - Calcium Carbonate/*chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Cell Membrane/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - Crystallization
MH  - Culture Media
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission
MH  - Nanostructures/chemistry/ultrastructure
MH  - Powder Diffraction
MH  - Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
MH  - Sporosarcina/growth & development/*metabolism/*ultrastructure
PMC - PMC6353136
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2019/01/31 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/23 06:00
PMCR- 2019/01/30
CRDT- 2019/01/31 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/12/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/01/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/01/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-18-28808 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0210339 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2019 Jan 30;14(1):e0210339. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210339. 
      eCollection 2019.