PMID- 30699167
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191018
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019
TI  - Demand and supply factors of iron-folic acid supplementation and its association 
      with anaemia in North Indian pregnant women.
PG  - e0210634
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0210634 [doi]
LID - e0210634
AB  - Anaemia prevalence in pregnant women of India declined from 57.9% to 50.3% from 
      National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-3 to NFHS-4. However, over the course of 
      that decade, the uptake of iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation for 100 days 
      of pregnancy improved by only 15%. To understand demand side risk factors of 
      anaemia specifically related to IFA intake, an in-depth survey was conducted on 
      pregnant women (n = 436) in 50 villages and wards of Sirohi district of 
      Rajasthan, India. At the demand side, consistent IFA consumption in the previous 
      trimester was inversely and strongly associated with anaemia (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 
      0.12, 0.55). Reasons for inconsistent consumption included not registering to 
      antenatal clinic, not receiving IFA tablets from the health worker and perceived 
      lack of need. At the supply side, an analysis of IFA stock data at various levels 
      of the health care (n = 168) providers from primary to tertiary levels showed 
      that 14 out of 52 villages surveyed did not have access to IFA tablets. The 
      closest availability of an IFA tablet for 16 villages, was more than 5 km away. 
      To improve the uptake of IFA supplementation and thereby reduce iron deficiency 
      anaemia in pregnant women, a constant supply of IFA at the village or sub-centre 
      level, where frontline workers can promote uptake, should be ensured.
FAU - Varghese, Jithin Sam
AU  - Varghese JS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3825-9897
AD  - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
FAU - Swaminathan, Sumathi
AU  - Swaminathan S
AD  - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
FAU - Kurpad, Anura V
AU  - Kurpad AV
AD  - Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
AD  - Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India.
FAU - Thomas, Tinku
AU  - Thomas T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1786-6076
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190130
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/*epidemiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Female
MH  - Folic Acid/*therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - India/epidemiology
MH  - Iron/*therapeutic use
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Care
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
PMC - PMC6353128
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2019/01/31 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/19 06:00
PMCR- 2019/01/30
CRDT- 2019/01/31 06:00
PHST- 2018/04/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/12/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/01/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/01/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-18-09827 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0210634 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2019 Jan 30;14(1):e0210634. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210634. 
      eCollection 2019.