PMID- 30723782 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20201001 IS - 2372-952X (Print) IS - 2372-952X (Electronic) IS - 2372-952X (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 4 DP - 2018 Aug 17 TI - Intrapleural Gene Therapy for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Related Lung Disease. PG - 244-257 LID - 10.15326/jcopdf.5.4.2017.0160 [doi] AB - Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) manifests primarily as early-onset emphysema caused by the destruction of the lung by neutrophil elastase due to low amounts of the serine protease inhibitor alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT). The current therapy involves weekly intravenous infusions of AAT-derived from pooled human plasma that is efficacious, yet costly. Gene therapy applications designed to provide constant levels of the AAT protein are currently under development. The challenge is for gene therapy to provide sufficient amounts of AAT to normalize the inhibitor level and anti-neutrophil elastase capacity in the lung. One strategy involves administration of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy vector to the pleural space providing both local and systemic production of AAT to reach consistent therapeutic levels. This review focuses on the strategy, advantages, challenges, and updates for intrapleural administration of gene therapy vectors for the treatment of AATD. FAU - Stiles, Katie M AU - Stiles KM AD - Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. AD - KMS and DS contributed equally to this review. FAU - Sondhi, Dolan AU - Sondhi D AD - Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. AD - KMS and DS contributed equally to this review. FAU - Kaminsky, Stephen M AU - Kaminsky SM AD - Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. FAU - De, Bishnu P AU - De BP AD - Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. FAU - Rosenberg, Jonathan B AU - Rosenberg JB AD - Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. FAU - Crystal, Ronald G AU - Crystal RG AD - Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180817 PL - United States TA - Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis JT - Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) JID - 101635411 PMC - PMC6361473 OTO - NOTNLM OT - alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency OT - gene therapy COIS- Adverum Biotechnologies has licensed the AAVrh.10hAAT intrapleural technology and investigational new drug from Cornell University. RGC is a consultant and holds equity in Adverum. RGC, DS, SK share licensing fees paid to Cornell University. EDAT- 2019/02/07 06:00 MHDA- 2019/02/07 06:01 PMCR- 2018/08/17 CRDT- 2019/02/07 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/02/07 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2018/08/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.15326/jcopdf.5.4.2017.0160 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2018 Aug 17;5(4):244-257. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.5.4.2017.0160.