PMID- 30747558
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190531
LR  - 20190531
IS  - 1543-2742 (Electronic)
IS  - 1526-484X (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Mar 1
TI  - Contemporary Nutrition Strategies to Optimize Performance in Distance Runners and 
      Race Walkers.
PG  - 117-129
LID - 10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0004 [doi]
AB  - Distance events in Athletics include cross country, 10,000-m track race, 
      half-marathon and marathon road races, and 20- and 50-km race walking events over 
      different terrain and environmental conditions. Race times for elite performers 
      span  approximately 26 min to >4 hr, with key factors for success being a high aerobic power, 
      the ability to exercise at a large fraction of this power, and high 
      running/walking economy. Nutrition-related contributors include body mass and 
      anthropometry, capacity to use fuels, particularly carbohydrate (CHO) to produce 
      adenosine triphosphate economically over the duration of the event, and 
      maintenance of reasonable hydration status in the face of sweat losses induced by 
      exercise intensity and the environment. Race nutrition strategies include 
      CHO-rich eating in the hours per days prior to the event to store glycogen in 
      amounts sufficient for event fuel needs, and in some cases, in-race consumption 
      of CHO and fluid to offset event losses. Beneficial CHO intakes range from small 
      amounts, including mouth rinsing, in the case of shorter events to high rates of 
      intake (75-90 g/hr) in the longest races. A personalized and practiced race 
      nutrition plan should balance the benefits of fluid and CHO consumed within 
      practical opportunities, against the time, cost, and risk of gut discomfort. In 
      hot environments, prerace hyperhydration or cooling strategies may provide a 
      small but useful offset to the accrued thermal challenge and fluid deficit. 
      Sports foods (drinks, gels, etc.) may assist in meeting training/race nutrition 
      plans, with caffeine, and, perhaps nitrate being used as evidence-based 
      performance supplements.
FAU - Burke, Louise M
AU  - Burke LM
AD  - 1 Australian Institute of Sport.
AD  - 2 Australian Catholic University.
FAU - Jeukendrup, Asker E
AU  - Jeukendrup AE
AD  - 3 Loughborough University.
FAU - Jones, Andrew M
AU  - Jones AM
AD  - 4 University of Exeter.
FAU - Mooses, Martin
AU  - Mooses M
AD  - 5 University of Tartu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190404
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
JT  - International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
JID - 100939812
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Performance-Enhancing Substances)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Athletes
MH  - Athletic Performance/*physiology
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Nutritional Requirements
MH  - Performance-Enhancing Substances/administration & dosage
MH  - Running/*physiology
MH  - *Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
MH  - Walking/*physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - African runners
OT  - CHO loading
OT  - CHO periodization
OT  - marathon
OT  - track and field
EDAT- 2019/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/01 06:00
CRDT- 2019/02/13 06:00
PHST- 2019/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/02/13 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2019 Mar 1;29(2):117-129. doi: 
      10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0004. Epub 2019 Apr 4.