PMID- 30770054 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190422 LR - 20190422 IS - 1471-6771 (Electronic) IS - 0007-0912 (Linking) VI - 122 IP - 3 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Association between night-time surgery and occurrence of intraoperative adverse events and postoperative pulmonary complications. PG - 361-369 LID - S0007-0912(18)31333-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bja.2018.10.063 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The aim of this post hoc analysis of a large cohort study was to evaluate the association between night-time surgery and the occurrence of intraoperative adverse events (AEs) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). METHODS: LAS VEGAS (Local Assessment of Ventilatory Management During General Anesthesia for Surgery) was a prospective international 1-week study that enrolled adult patients undergoing surgical procedures with general anaesthesia and mechanical ventilation in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. Surgeries were defined as occurring during 'daytime' when induction of anaesthesia was between 8:00 AM and 7:59 PM, and as 'night-time' when induction was between 8:00 PM and 7:59 AM. RESULTS: Of 9861 included patients, 555 (5.6%) underwent surgery during night-time. The proportion of patients who developed intraoperative AEs was higher during night-time surgery in unmatched (43.6% vs 34.1%; P<0.001) and propensity-matched analyses (43.7% vs 36.8%; P=0.029). PPCs also occurred more often in patients who underwent night-time surgery (14% vs 10%; P=0.004) in an unmatched cohort analysis, although not in a propensity-matched analysis (13.8% vs 11.8%; P=0.39). In a multivariable regression model, including patient characteristics and types of surgery and anaesthesia, night-time surgery was independently associated with a higher incidence of intraoperative AEs (odds ratio: 1.44; 95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.90; P=0.01), but not with a higher incidence of PPCs (odds ratio: 1.32; 95% confidence interval: 0.89-1.90; P=0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative adverse events and postoperative pulmonary complications occurred more often in patients undergoing night-time surgery. Imbalances in patients' clinical characteristics, types of surgery, and intraoperative management at night-time partially explained the higher incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, but not the higher incidence of adverse events. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01601223. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Cortegiani, A AU - Cortegiani A AD - Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science, Section of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: andrea.cortegiani@unipa.it. FAU - Gregoretti, C AU - Gregoretti C AD - Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science, Section of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. FAU - Neto, A S AU - Neto AS AD - Department of Intensive Care and Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Hemmes, S N T AU - Hemmes SNT AD - Department of Intensive Care and Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Ball, L AU - Ball L AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Universita degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. FAU - Canet, J AU - Canet J AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Postoperative Care, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Hiesmayr, M AU - Hiesmayr M AD - Division of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Hollmann, M W AU - Hollmann MW AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. FAU - Mills, G H AU - Mills GH AD - Operating Services, Critical Care and Anesthesia, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield and University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. FAU - Melo, M F V AU - Melo MFV AD - Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Putensen, C AU - Putensen C AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Schmid, W AU - Schmid W AD - Division of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. FAU - Severgnini, P AU - Severgnini P AD - Department of Biotechnology and Sciences of Life, ASST Sette Laghi Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. FAU - Wrigge, H AU - Wrigge H AD - Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Gama de Abreu, M AU - Gama de Abreu M AD - Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany. FAU - Schultz, M J AU - Schultz MJ AD - Department of Intensive Care and Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. FAU - Pelosi, P AU - Pelosi P AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Universita degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy. CN - LAS VEGAS Investigators, the PROVE Network, and the Clinical Trial Network of the European Society of Anaesthesiology LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01601223 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Observational Study DEP - 20190208 PL - England TA - Br J Anaesth JT - British journal of anaesthesia JID - 0372541 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - After-Hours Care/*statistics & numerical data MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Internationality MH - Intraoperative Complications/*epidemiology MH - Lung Diseases/*epidemiology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Postoperative Complications/*epidemiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - *Surgical Procedures, Operative OTO - NOTNLM OT - general anaesthesia OT - intraoperative complications OT - patient safety OT - postoperative complications OT - pulmonary FIR - Kroell, W IR - Kroell W IRAD- LKH Graz, Graz, Austria. FIR - Metzler, H IR - Metzler H IRAD- LKH Graz, Graz, Austria. FIR - Struber, G IR - Struber G IRAD- LKH Graz, Graz, Austria. FIR - Wegscheider, T IR - Wegscheider T IRAD- LKH Graz, Graz, Austria. FIR - Gombotz, H IR - Gombotz H IRAD- AKH Linz, Linz, Austria. FIR - Hiesmayr, M IR - Hiesmayr M IRAD- Medical University Vienna, Austria. FIR - Schmid, W IR - Schmid W IRAD- Medical University Vienna, Austria. FIR - Urbanek, B IR - Urbanek B IRAD- Medical University Vienna, Austria. FIR - Kahn, D IR - Kahn D IRAD- UCL - Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Brussels, Belgium. FIR - Momeni, M IR - Momeni M IRAD- UCL - Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Brussels, Belgium. FIR - Pospiech, A IR - Pospiech A IRAD- UCL - Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Brussels, Belgium. FIR - Lois, F IR - Lois F IRAD- UCL - Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Brussels, Belgium. FIR - Forget, P IR - Forget P IRAD- UCL - Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Brussels, Belgium. FIR - Grosu, I IR - Grosu I IRAD- UCL - Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Brussels, Belgium. FIR - Poelaert, J IR - Poelaert J IRAD- Universitary Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Belgium. FIR - Mossevelde, V IR - Mossevelde V IRAD- Universitary Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Belgium. FIR - van Malderen, M C IR - van Malderen MC IRAD- Universitary Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Belgium. FIR - Dylst, D IR - Dylst D IRAD- Het Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL), Genk, Belgium. FIR - Melkebeek, J V IR - Melkebeek JV IRAD- Het Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL), Genk, Belgium. FIR - Beran, M IR - Beran M IRAD- Het Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg (ZOL), Genk, Belgium. FIR - Hert, S D IR - Hert SD IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Baerdemaeker, L D IR - Baerdemaeker LD IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Heyse, B IR - Heyse B IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Limmen, J V IR - Limmen JV IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Wyffels, P IR - Wyffels P IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Jacobs, T IR - Jacobs T IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Roels, N IR - Roels N IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Bruyne, A D IR - Bruyne AD IRAD- Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Velde, S V D IR - Velde SVD IRAD- Maria Middelares, Gent, Belgium. FIR - Marina, J Z IR - Marina JZ IRAD- General Hospital "prim Dr Abdulah Nakas" Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FIR - Dejana, D O IR - Dejana DO IRAD- General Hospital "prim Dr Abdulah Nakas" Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FIR - Pernar, S IR - Pernar S IRAD- General Hospital Cakovec, Cakovec, Croatia. FIR - Zunic, J IR - Zunic J IRAD- General Hospital Karlovac, Karlovac, Croatia. FIR - Miskovic, P IR - Miskovic P IRAD- General Hospital Karlovac, Karlovac, Croatia. FIR - Zilic, A IR - Zilic A IRAD- General Hospital Karlovac, Karlovac, Croatia. FIR - Kvolik, S IR - Kvolik S IRAD- University Clinical Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia. FIR - Ivic, D IR - Ivic D IRAD- University Clinical Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia. FIR - Darija, A V IR - Darija AV IRAD- University Clinical Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia. FIR - Skiljic, S IR - Skiljic S IRAD- University Clinical Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia. FIR - Vinkovic, H IR - Vinkovic H IRAD- University Clinical Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia. FIR - Oputric, I IR - Oputric I IRAD- University Clinical Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia. FIR - Juricic, K IR - Juricic K IRAD- University Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. FIR - Frkovic, V IR - Frkovic V IRAD- University Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. FIR - Kopic, J IR - Kopic J IRAD- General Hospital Dr J Bencevic, Slavonski Brod, Croatia. FIR - Mirkovic, I IR - Mirkovic I IRAD- General Hospital Dr J Bencevic, Slavonski Brod, Croatia. FIR - Saric, J P IR - Saric JP IRAD- University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Erceg, G IR - Erceg G IRAD- University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Dvorscak, M B IR - Dvorscak MB IRAD- University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Branka, M S IR - Branka MS IRAD- University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Pavicic, A M IR - Pavicic AM IRAD- University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Goranovic, T IR - Goranovic T IRAD- University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Maldini, B IR - Maldini B IRAD- University Hospital, Medical School, "Sestre milosrdnice" (Sister of Charity), Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Radocaj, T IR - Radocaj T IRAD- University Hospital, Medical School, "Sestre milosrdnice" (Sister of Charity), Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Gavranovic, Z IR - Gavranovic Z IRAD- University Hospital, Medical School, "Sestre milosrdnice" (Sister of Charity), Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Inga, M B IR - Inga MB IRAD- University Hospital, Medical School, "Sestre milosrdnice" (Sister of Charity), Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Sehovic, M IR - Sehovic M IRAD- University Hospital, Medical School, "Sestre milosrdnice" (Sister of Charity), Zagreb, Croatia. FIR - Stourac, P IR - Stourac P IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Harazim, H IR - Harazim H IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Smekalova, O IR - Smekalova O IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Kosinova, M IR - Kosinova M IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Kolacek, T IR - Kolacek T IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Hudacek, K IR - Hudacek K IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Drab, M IR - Drab M IRAD- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. FIR - Brujevic, J IR - Brujevic J IRAD- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. FIR - Vitkova, K IR - Vitkova K IRAD- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. FIR - Jirmanova, K IR - Jirmanova K IRAD- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. FIR - Volfova, I IR - Volfova I IRAD- University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic. FIR - Dzurnakova, P IR - Dzurnakova P IRAD- University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic. FIR - Liskova, K IR - Liskova K IRAD- University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic. FIR - Dudas, R IR - Dudas R IRAD- Nemocnice Znojmo, Znojmo, Czech Republic. FIR - Filipsky, R IR - Filipsky R IRAD- Nemocnice Znojmo, Znojmo, Czech Republic. FIR - Kafrawy, S E IR - Kafrawy SE IRAD- El Sahel Teaching hospital, Cairo, Egypt. FIR - Abdelwahab, H H IR - Abdelwahab HH IRAD- Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School, Cairo University, Egypt. FIR - Metwally, T IR - Metwally T IRAD- Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School, Cairo University, Egypt. FIR - Ahmed, A R IR - Ahmed AR IRAD- Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School, Cairo University, Egypt. FIR - Ahmed Mostafa, E S IR - Ahmed Mostafa ES IRAD- Beni Sueif University Hospital, Giza, Egypt. FIR - Hasan, W F IR - Hasan WF IRAD- Beni Sueif University Hospital, Giza, Egypt. FIR - Ahmed, A G IR - Ahmed AG IRAD- Beni Sueif University Hospital, Giza, Egypt. FIR - Yassin, H IR - Yassin H IRAD- Fayoum University Hospital, Giza, Egypt. FIR - Magdy, M IR - Magdy M IRAD- Fayoum University Hospital, Giza, Egypt. FIR - Abdelhady, M IR - Abdelhady M IRAD- Fayoum University Hospital, Giza, Egypt. FIR - Mahran, M IR - Mahran M IRAD- Suis medical Insurance Hospital, Suis, Egypt. FIR - Herodes, E IR - Herodes E IRAD- North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia. FIR - Kivik, P IR - Kivik P IRAD- North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia. FIR - Oganjan, J IR - Oganjan J IRAD- North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia. FIR - Aun, A IR - Aun A IRAD- North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia. FIR - Sormus, A IR - Sormus A IRAD- Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. FIR - Sarapuu, K IR - Sarapuu K IRAD- Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. FIR - Mall, M IR - Mall M IRAD- Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. FIR - Karjagin, J IR - Karjagin J IRAD- Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. FIR - Futier, E IR - Futier E IRAD- University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FIR - Petit, A IR - Petit A IRAD- University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FIR - Gerard, A IR - Gerard A IRAD- University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France. FIR - Marret, E IR - Marret E IRAD- Institut Hospitalier Franco-Britannique, Levallois-Perret, France. FIR - Solier, M IR - Solier M IRAD- Institut Hospitalier Franco-Britannique, Levallois-Perret, France. FIR - Jaber, S IR - Jaber S IRAD- Saint Eloi University Hospital, Montpellier, France. FIR - Prades, A IR - Prades A IRAD- Saint Eloi University Hospital, Montpellier, France. FIR - Krassler, J IR - Krassler J IRAD- Fachkrankenhaus Coswig, Coswig, Germany. FIR - Merzky, S IR - Merzky S IRAD- Fachkrankenhaus Coswig, Coswig, Germany. FIR - Abreu, M G D IR - Abreu MGD IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Uhlig, C IR - Uhlig C IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Kiss, T IR - Kiss T IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Bundy, A IR - Bundy A IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Bluth, T IR - Bluth T IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Gueldner, A IR - Gueldner A IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Spieth, P IR - Spieth P IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Scharffenberg, M IR - Scharffenberg M IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Thiem, D T IR - Thiem DT IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Koch, T IR - Koch T IRAD- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. FIR - Treschan, T IR - Treschan T IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Schaefer, M IR - Schaefer M IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Bastin, B IR - Bastin B IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Geib, J IR - Geib J IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Weiss, M IR - Weiss M IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Kienbaum, P IR - Kienbaum P IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Pannen, B IR - Pannen B IRAD- Duesseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany. FIR - Gottschalk, A IR - Gottschalk A IRAD- Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift, Hannover, Germany. FIR - Konrad, M IR - Konrad M IRAD- Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift, Hannover, Germany. FIR - Westerheide, D IR - Westerheide D IRAD- Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift, Hannover, Germany. FIR - Schwerdtfeger, B IR - Schwerdtfeger B IRAD- Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift, Hannover, Germany. FIR - Wrigge, H IR - Wrigge H IRAD- University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FIR - Simon, P IR - Simon P IRAD- University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FIR - Reske, A IR - Reske A IRAD- University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FIR - Nestler, C IR - Nestler C IRAD- University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FIR - Valsamidis, D IR - Valsamidis D IRAD- Alexandra" General hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece. FIR - Stroumpoulis, K IR - Stroumpoulis K IRAD- Alexandra" General hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece. FIR - Antholopoulos, G IR - Antholopoulos G IRAD- General Air Force hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Andreou, A IR - Andreou A IRAD- General Air Force hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Karapanos, D IR - Karapanos D IRAD- General Air Force hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Theodoraki, K IR - Theodoraki K IRAD- Aretaieion University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Gkiokas, G IR - Gkiokas G IRAD- Aretaieion University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Tasoulis, M K IR - Tasoulis MK IRAD- Aretaieion University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Sidiropoulou, T IR - Sidiropoulou T IRAD- Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Zafeiropoulou, F IR - Zafeiropoulou F IRAD- Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Florou, P IR - Florou P IRAD- Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Pandazi, A IR - Pandazi A IRAD- Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. FIR - Tsaousi, G IR - Tsaousi G IRAD- Ahepa University Hospital Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FIR - Nouris, C IR - Nouris C IRAD- Ahepa University Hospital Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FIR - Pourzitaki, C IR - Pourzitaki C IRAD- Ahepa University Hospital Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. FIR - Bystritski, D IR - Bystritski D IRAD- The Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. FIR - Pizov, R IR - Pizov R IRAD- The Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. FIR - Eden, A IR - Eden A IRAD- The Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. FIR - Pesce, C V IR - Pesce CV IRAD- Ospedale San. Paolo Bari, Bari, Italy. FIR - Campanile, A IR - Campanile A IRAD- Ospedale San. Paolo Bari, Bari, Italy. FIR - Marrella, A IR - Marrella A IRAD- Ospedale San. Paolo Bari, Bari, Italy. FIR - Grasso, S IR - Grasso S IRAD- University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy. FIR - Michele, M D IR - Michele MD IRAD- University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy. FIR - Bona, F IR - Bona F IRAD- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Turin, Italy. FIR - Giacoletto, G IR - Giacoletto G IRAD- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Turin, Italy. FIR - Sardo, E IR - Sardo E IRAD- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Turin, Italy. FIR - Sottosanti, L G V IR - Sottosanti LGV IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliera per l'emergenza Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy. FIR - Solca, M IR - Solca M IRAD- Ospedale Melegnano, Cernuso, Milano, Italy. FIR - Volta, C A IR - Volta CA IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy. FIR - Spadaro, S IR - Spadaro S IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy. FIR - Verri, M IR - Verri M IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy. FIR - Ragazzi, R IR - Ragazzi R IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy. FIR - Zoppellari, R IR - Zoppellari R IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy. FIR - Cinnella, G IR - Cinnella G IRAD- Ospedali Riuniti Di Foggia - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FIR - Raimondo, P IR - Raimondo P IRAD- Ospedali Riuniti Di Foggia - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FIR - Bella, D L IR - Bella DL IRAD- Ospedali Riuniti Di Foggia - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FIR - Mirabella, L IR - Mirabella L IRAD- Ospedali Riuniti Di Foggia - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FIR - D'antini, D IR - D'antini D IRAD- Ospedali Riuniti Di Foggia - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy. FIR - Pelosi, P IR - Pelosi P IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Molin, A IR - Molin A IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Brunetti, I IR - Brunetti I IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Gratarola, A IR - Gratarola A IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Pellerano, G IR - Pellerano G IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Sileo, R IR - Sileo R IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Pezzatto, S IR - Pezzatto S IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Montagnani, L IR - Montagnani L IRAD- IRCCS AOU San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. FIR - Pasin, L IR - Pasin L IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Landoni, G IR - Landoni G IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Zangrillo, A IR - Zangrillo A IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Beretta, L IR - Beretta L IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Parma, A L D IR - Parma ALD IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Tarzia, V IR - Tarzia V IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Dossi, R IR - Dossi R IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Sassone, M E IR - Sassone ME IRAD- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. FIR - Sances, D IR - Sances D IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Tredici, S IR - Tredici S IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Spano, G IR - Spano G IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Castellani, G IR - Castellani G IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Delunas, L IR - Delunas L IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Peradze, S IR - Peradze S IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Venturino, M IR - Venturino M IRAD- Istituto europeo di oncologia - ieo, Milano, Italy. FIR - Arpino, I IR - Arpino I IRAD- Ospedale Niguarda Ca'Granda Milano, Milano, Italy. FIR - Sher, S IR - Sher S IRAD- Ospedale Niguarda Ca'Granda Milano, Milano, Italy. FIR - Tommasino, C IR - Tommasino C IRAD- Ospedale San Paolo - University of Milano, Milano, Italy. FIR - Rapido, F IR - Rapido F IRAD- Ospedale San Paolo - University of Milano, Milano, Italy. FIR - Morelli, P IR - Morelli P IRAD- Ospedale San Paolo - University of Milano, Milano, Italy. FIR - Vargas, M IR - Vargas M IRAD- University of Naples "Federico II" Naples, Italy. FIR - Servillo, G IR - Servillo G IRAD- University of Naples "Federico II" Naples, Italy. FIR - Cortegiani, A IR - Cortegiani A IRAD- Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy. FIR - Raineri, S M IR - Raineri SM IRAD- Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy. FIR - Montalto, F IR - Montalto F IRAD- Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy. FIR - Russotto, V IR - Russotto V IRAD- Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy. FIR - Giarratano, A IR - Giarratano A IRAD- Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy. FIR - Baciarello, M IR - Baciarello M IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy. FIR - Generali, M IR - Generali M IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy. FIR - Cerati, G IR - Cerati G IRAD- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy. FIR - Leykin, Y IR - Leykin Y IRAD- Santa Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy. FIR - Bressan, F IR - Bressan F IRAD- Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce - Usl4 Prato, Prato, Italy. FIR - Bartolini, V IR - Bartolini V IRAD- Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce - Usl4 Prato, Prato, Italy. FIR - Zamidei, L IR - Zamidei L IRAD- Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce - Usl4 Prato, Prato, Italy. FIR - Brazzi, L IR - Brazzi L IRAD- University hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FIR - Liperi, C IR - Liperi C IRAD- University hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FIR - Sales, G IR - Sales G IRAD- University hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FIR - Pistidda, L IR - Pistidda L IRAD- University hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. FIR - Severgnini, P IR - Severgnini P IRAD- Insubria University, Varese, Italy. FIR - Brugnoni, E IR - Brugnoni E IRAD- Insubria University, Varese, Italy. FIR - Musella, G IR - Musella G IRAD- Insubria University, Varese, Italy. FIR - Bacuzzi, A IR - Bacuzzi A IRAD- Insubria University, Varese, Italy. FIR - Muhardri, D IR - Muhardri D IRAD- Distric hospital Gjakova, Gjakove, Republic of Kosovo. FIR - Agreta, G G IR - Agreta GG IRAD- University Clinical Center of Kosova, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo. FIR - Sada, F IR - Sada F IRAD- University Clinical Center of Kosova, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo. FIR - Bytyqi, A IR - Bytyqi A IRAD- Regional Hospital "Prim.Dr. Daut Mustafa", Prizren, Republic of Kosovo. FIR - Karbonskiene, A IR - Karbonskiene A IRAD- Medical University Hospital, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. FIR - Aukstakalniene, R IR - Aukstakalniene R IRAD- Medical University Hospital, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. FIR - Teberaite, Z IR - Teberaite Z IRAD- Medical University Hospital, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. FIR - Salciute, E IR - Salciute E IRAD- Medical University Hospital, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. FIR - Tikuisis, R IR - Tikuisis R IRAD- Vilnius University Hospital - Institute of Oncology, Vilnius, Lithuania. FIR - Miliauskas, P IR - Miliauskas P IRAD- Vilnius University Hospital - Institute of Oncology, Vilnius, Lithuania. FIR - Jurate, S IR - Jurate S IRAD- Vilnius University Hospital - Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania. FIR - Kontrimaviciute, E IR - Kontrimaviciute E IRAD- Vilnius University Hospital - Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania. FIR - Tomkute, G IR - Tomkute G IRAD- Vilnius University Hospital - Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania. FIR - Xuereb, J IR - Xuereb J IRAD- Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta. FIR - Bezzina, M IR - Bezzina M IRAD- Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta. FIR - Borg, F Joseph IR - Borg FJ IRAD- Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta. FIR - Hemmes, S IR - Hemmes S IRAD- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Schultz, M IR - Schultz M IRAD- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Hollmann, M IR - Hollmann M IRAD- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Wiersma, I IR - Wiersma I IRAD- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Binnekade, J IR - Binnekade J IRAD- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Bos, L IR - Bos L IRAD- Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Boer, C IR - Boer C IRAD- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Duvekot, A IR - Duvekot A IRAD- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FIR - Veld, B I 't IR - Veld BI' IRAD- MC Haaglanden, Den Haag, Netherlands. FIR - Werger, A IR - Werger A IRAD- MC Haaglanden, Den Haag, Netherlands. FIR - Dennesen, P IR - Dennesen P IRAD- MC Haaglanden, Den Haag, Netherlands. FIR - Severijns, C IR - Severijns C IRAD- MC Haaglanden, Den Haag, Netherlands. FIR - Jong, J D IR - Jong JD IRAD- Westfriesgasthuis, Hoorn, Netherlands. FIR - Hering, J IR - Hering J IRAD- Westfriesgasthuis, Hoorn, Netherlands. FIR - Beek, R V IR - Beek RV IRAD- Westfriesgasthuis, Hoorn, Netherlands. FIR - Ivars, S IR - Ivars S IRAD- Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FIR - Jammer, I B IR - Jammer IB IRAD- Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. FIR - Breidablik, A IR - Breidablik A IRAD- Forde Central Hospital /Forde Sentral Sykehus, Forde, Norway. FIR - Hodt, K S IR - Hodt KS IRAD- Martina Hansens Hospital, Gjettum, Norway. FIR - Fjellanger, F IR - Fjellanger F IRAD- Martina Hansens Hospital, Gjettum, Norway. FIR - Avalos, M V IR - Avalos MV IRAD- Martina Hansens Hospital, Gjettum, Norway. FIR - Jannicke, M O IR - Jannicke MO IRAD- Baerum Hospital, Vestre Viken, Rud, Norway. FIR - Andersson, E IR - Andersson E IRAD- Baerum Hospital, Vestre Viken, Rud, Norway. FIR - Amir, S K IR - Amir SK IRAD- Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. FIR - Molina, R IR - Molina R IRAD- Hospital Santo Tomas, Panama, Panama. FIR - Wutai, S IR - Wutai S IRAD- Hospital Santo Tomas, Panama, Panama. FIR - Morais, E IR - Morais E IRAD- Hospital Santo Tomas, Panama, Panama. FIR - Tareco, G IR - Tareco G IRAD- Hospital do Espirito Santo - Evora, E.P.E, Evora, Portugal. FIR - Ferreira, D IR - Ferreira D IRAD- Hospital do Espirito Santo - Evora, E.P.E, Evora, Portugal. FIR - Amaral, J IR - Amaral J IRAD- Hospital do Espirito Santo - Evora, E.P.E, Evora, Portugal. FIR - Castro, M D L G IR - Castro MDLG IRAD- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, E.P.E, Lisboa, Portugal. FIR - Cadilha, S IR - Cadilha S IRAD- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, E.P.E, Lisboa, Portugal. FIR - Appleton, S IR - Appleton S IRAD- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, E.P.E, Lisboa, Portugal. FIR - Parente, S IR - Parente S IRAD- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, E.P.E. Hospital de S. Francisco Xavier, Lisboa, Portugal. FIR - Correia, M IR - Correia M IRAD- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, E.P.E. Hospital de S. Francisco Xavier, Lisboa, Portugal. FIR - Martins, D IR - Martins D IRAD- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, E.P.E. Hospital de S. Francisco Xavier, Lisboa, Portugal. FIR - Monteirosa, A IR - Monteirosa A IRAD- Santarem Hospital, Santarem, Portugal. FIR - Ricardo, A IR - Ricardo A IRAD- Santarem Hospital, Santarem, Portugal. FIR - Rodrigues, S IR - Rodrigues S IRAD- Santarem Hospital, Santarem, Portugal. FIR - Horhota, L IR - Horhota L IRAD- Spital Orasenesc, Bolintin Vale, Romania. FIR - Grintescu, I M IR - Grintescu IM IRAD- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Mirea, L IR - Mirea L IRAD- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Grintescu, I C IR - Grintescu IC IRAD- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Corneci, D IR - Corneci D IRAD- Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Negoita, S IR - Negoita S IRAD- Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Dutu, M IR - Dutu M IRAD- Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Popescu Garotescu, I IR - Popescu Garotescu I IRAD- Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Filipescu, D IR - Filipescu D IRAD- Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Inst. ''Prof. C. C. Iliescu'', Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Prodan, A B IR - Prodan AB IRAD- Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Inst. ''Prof. C. C. Iliescu'', Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Droc, G IR - Droc G IRAD- Fundeni Clinical institute - Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Fota, R IR - Fota R IRAD- Fundeni Clinical institute - Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Popescu, M IR - Popescu M IRAD- Fundeni Clinical institute - Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Tomescu, D IR - Tomescu D IRAD- Fundeni Clinical institute - Intensive Care Unit, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Petcu, A M IR - Petcu AM IRAD- Fundeni Clinical institute - Intensive Care Unit, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Tudoroiu, M I IR - Tudoroiu MI IRAD- Fundeni Clinical institute - Intensive Care Unit, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Moise, A IR - Moise A IRAD- Hospital Profesor D Gerota, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Guran, C T IR - Guran CT IRAD- Hospital Profesor D Gerota, Bucharest, Romania. FIR - Gherghina, I IR - Gherghina I IRAD- Constanta County Emergency Hospital, Constanta, Romania. FIR - Costea, D IR - Costea D IRAD- Constanta County Emergency Hospital, Constanta, Romania. FIR - Cindea, I IR - Cindea I IRAD- Constanta County Emergency Hospital, Constanta, Romania. FIR - Copotoiu, S M IR - Copotoiu SM IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Copotoiu, R IR - Copotoiu R IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Barsan, V IR - Barsan V IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Tolcser, Z IR - Tolcser Z IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Riciu, M IR - Riciu M IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Moldovan, S G IR - Moldovan SG IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Veres, M IR - Veres M IRAD- University Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. FIR - Gritsan, A IR - Gritsan A IRAD- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. FIR - Kapkan, T IR - Kapkan T IRAD- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. FIR - Gritsan, G IR - Gritsan G IRAD- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. FIR - Korolkov, O IR - Korolkov O IRAD- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. FIR - Kulikov, A IR - Kulikov A IRAD- Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Lubnin, A IR - Lubnin A IRAD- Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Ovezov, A IR - Ovezov A IRAD- Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Prokoshev, P IR - Prokoshev P IRAD- Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Lugovoy, A IR - Lugovoy A IRAD- Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Anipchenko, N IR - Anipchenko N IRAD- Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Babayants, A IR - Babayants A IRAD- Municipal Clinical Hospital 7, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Komissarova, I IR - Komissarova I IRAD- Municipal Clinical Hospital 7, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Zalina, K IR - Zalina K IRAD- Municipal Clinical Hospital 7, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Likhvantsev, V IR - Likhvantsev V IRAD- Reanimatology Research Institute n.a. Negovskij RAMS, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Fedorov, S IR - Fedorov S IRAD- Reanimatology Research Institute n.a. Negovskij RAMS, Moscow, Russia. FIR - Lazukic, A IR - Lazukic A IRAD- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Emergency Center, Novisad, Serbia. FIR - Pejakovic, J IR - Pejakovic J IRAD- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Emergency Center, Novisad, Serbia. FIR - Mihajlovic, D IR - Mihajlovic D IRAD- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Emergency Center, Novisad, Serbia. FIR - Kusnierikova, Z IR - Kusnierikova Z IRAD- National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia. FIR - Zelinkova, M IR - Zelinkova M IRAD- National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia. FIR - Bruncakova, K IR - Bruncakova K IRAD- F.D. Roosevelt Teaching Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia. FIR - Polakovicova, L IR - Polakovicova L IRAD- F.D. Roosevelt Teaching Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia. FIR - Sobona, V IR - Sobona V IRAD- Faculty Hospital Nove Zamky, Nove Zamky, Slovakia. FIR - Barbka, N S IR - Barbka NS IRAD- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Ana, P G IR - Ana PG IRAD- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Jovanov, M IR - Jovanov M IRAD- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Strazisar, B IR - Strazisar B IRAD- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Jasmina, M B IR - Jasmina MB IRAD- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Vesna, N J IR - Vesna NJ IRAD- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Voje, M IR - Voje M IRAD- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Grynyuk, A IR - Grynyuk A IRAD- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Kostadinov, I IR - Kostadinov I IRAD- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Alenka, S V IR - Alenka SV IRAD- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. FIR - Moral, V IR - Moral V IRAD- Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Unzueta, M C IR - Unzueta MC IRAD- Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Puigbo, C IR - Puigbo C IRAD- Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Fava, J IR - Fava J IRAD- Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Canet, J IR - Canet J IRAD- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Moret, E IR - Moret E IRAD- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Nunez, M R IR - Nunez MR IRAD- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Sendra, M IR - Sendra M IRAD- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Brunelli, A IR - Brunelli A IRAD- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Rodenas, F IR - Rodenas F IRAD- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain. FIR - Monedero, P IR - Monedero P IRAD- University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FIR - Hidalgo, F IR - Hidalgo F IRAD- University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FIR - Yepes, M J IR - Yepes MJ IRAD- University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FIR - Martinez-Simon, A IR - Martinez-Simon A IRAD- University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FIR - Abajo, A IR - Abajo A IRAD- University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. FIR - Lisi, A IR - Lisi A IRAD- Corporacion Sanitaria Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain. FIR - Perez, G IR - Perez G IRAD- Corporacion Sanitaria Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain. FIR - Martinez, R IR - Martinez R IRAD- Corporacion Sanitaria Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain. FIR - Granell, M IR - Granell M IRAD- Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Vivo, J T IR - Vivo JT IRAD- Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Ruiz, C S IR - Ruiz CS IRAD- Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Andres Ibanez, J A D IR - Andres Ibanez JAD IRAD- Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Pastor, E IR - Pastor E IRAD- Hospital Clinico Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Soro, M IR - Soro M IRAD- Hospital Clinico Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Ferrando, C IR - Ferrando C IRAD- Hospital Clinico Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Defez, M IR - Defez M IRAD- Hospital Clinico Valencia, Valencia, Spain. FIR - Cesar Aldecoa, A S IR - Cesar Aldecoa AS IRAD- Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain. FIR - Perez, R IR - Perez R IRAD- Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain. FIR - Rico, J IR - Rico J IRAD- Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain. FIR - Jawad, M IR - Jawad M IRAD- Central Hospital in Kristianstad, Sweden. FIR - Saeed, Y IR - Saeed Y IRAD- Central Hospital in Kristianstad, Sweden. FIR - Gillberg, L IR - Gillberg L IRAD- Central Hospital in Kristianstad, Sweden. FIR - Bengisun, Z K IR - Bengisun ZK IRAD- Ufuk University Hospital Ankara, Ankara, Turkey. FIR - Kazbek, B K IR - Kazbek BK IRAD- Ufuk University Hospital Ankara, Ankara, Turkey. FIR - Coskunfirat, N IR - Coskunfirat N IRAD- Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. FIR - Boztug, N IR - Boztug N IRAD- Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. FIR - Sanli, S IR - Sanli S IRAD- Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. FIR - Yilmaz, M IR - Yilmaz M IRAD- Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. FIR - Hadimioglu, N IR - Hadimioglu N IRAD- Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. FIR - Senturk, N M IR - Senturk NM IRAD- Istanbul University, Istanbul medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Camci, E IR - Camci E IRAD- Istanbul University, Istanbul medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Kucukgoncu, S IR - Kucukgoncu S IRAD- Istanbul University, Istanbul medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Sungur, Z IR - Sungur Z IRAD- Istanbul University, Istanbul medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Sivrikoz, N IR - Sivrikoz N IRAD- Istanbul University, Istanbul medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Ozgen, S U IR - Ozgen SU IRAD- Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Toraman, F IR - Toraman F IRAD- Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Selvi, O IR - Selvi O IRAD- Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Senturk, O IR - Senturk O IRAD- Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Yildiz, M IR - Yildiz M IRAD- Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Kuvaki, B IR - Kuvaki B IRAD- Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Gunenc, F IR - Gunenc F IRAD- Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Kucukguclu, S IR - Kucukguclu S IRAD- Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Ozbilgin, S IR - Ozbilgin S IRAD- Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Maral, J IR - Maral J IRAD- Sifa University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Canli, S IR - Canli S IRAD- Sifa University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Arun, O IR - Arun O IRAD- Sifa University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Saltali, A IR - Saltali A IRAD- Sifa University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Aydogan, E IR - Aydogan E IRAD- Sifa University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. FIR - Arun, O IR - Arun O IRAD- Selcuk University Faculty of medicine, Konya, Turkey. FIR - Saltali, A IR - Saltali A IRAD- Selcuk University Faculty of medicine, Konya, Turkey. FIR - Aydogan, E IR - Aydogan E IRAD- Selcuk University Faculty of medicine, Konya, Turkey. FIR - Akgun, F N IR - Akgun FN IRAD- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Egitim Ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Sanlikarip, C IR - Sanlikarip C IRAD- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Egitim Ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Karaman, F M IR - Karaman FM IRAD- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Egitim Ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey. FIR - Mazur, A IR - Mazur A IRAD- Institute Of Surgery and Transplantology, Kiev, Ukraine. FIR - Vorotyntsev, S IR - Vorotyntsev S IRAD- Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. FIR - Rousseau, G IR - Rousseau G IRAD- Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust, Barnstaple, United Kingdom. FIR - Barrett, C IR - Barrett C IRAD- Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust, Barnstaple, United Kingdom. FIR - Stancombe, L IR - Stancombe L IRAD- Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust, Barnstaple, United Kingdom. FIR - Shelley, B IR - Shelley B IRAD- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, Scotland, United Kingdom. FIR - Scholes, H IR - Scholes H IRAD- Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, Scotland, United Kingdom. FIR - Limb, J IR - Limb J IRAD- Darlington Memorial Hospital, County Durham and Darlington Foundation NHS Trust, Darlington, United Kingdom. FIR - Rafi, A IR - Rafi A IRAD- Darlington Memorial Hospital, County Durham and Darlington Foundation NHS Trust, Darlington, United Kingdom. FIR - Wayman, L IR - Wayman L IRAD- Darlington Memorial Hospital, County Durham and Darlington Foundation NHS Trust, Darlington, United Kingdom. FIR - Deane, J IR - Deane J IRAD- Darlington Memorial Hospital, County Durham and Darlington Foundation NHS Trust, Darlington, United Kingdom. FIR - Rogerson, D IR - Rogerson D IRAD- Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom. FIR - Williams, J IR - Williams J IRAD- Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom. FIR - Yates, S IR - Yates S IRAD- Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom. FIR - Rogers, E IR - Rogers E IRAD- Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom. FIR - Pulletz, M IR - Pulletz M IRAD- Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester, United Kingdom. FIR - Moreton, S IR - Moreton S IRAD- Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester, United Kingdom. FIR - Jones, S IR - Jones S IRAD- Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester, United Kingdom. FIR - Venkatesh, S IR - Venkatesh S IRAD- The Princess Alexandra NHS Hospital Trust, Essex, United Kingdom. FIR - Burton, M IR - Burton M IRAD- The Princess Alexandra NHS Hospital Trust, Essex, United Kingdom. FIR - Brown, L IR - Brown L IRAD- The Princess Alexandra NHS Hospital Trust, Essex, United Kingdom. FIR - Goodall, C IR - Goodall C IRAD- The Princess Alexandra NHS Hospital Trust, Essex, United Kingdom. FIR - Rucklidge, M IR - Rucklidge M IRAD- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom. FIR - Fuller, D IR - Fuller D IRAD- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom. FIR - Nadolski, M IR - Nadolski M IRAD- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom. FIR - Kusre, S IR - Kusre S IRAD- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom. FIR - Lundberg, M IR - Lundberg M IRAD- Hospital James Paget University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom. FIR - Everett, L IR - Everett L IRAD- Hospital James Paget University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom. FIR - Nutt, H IR - Nutt H IRAD- Hospital James Paget University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom. FIR - Zuleika, M IR - Zuleika M IRAD- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, United Kingdom. FIR - Carvalho, P IR - Carvalho P IRAD- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, United Kingdom. FIR - Clements, D IR - Clements D IRAD- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, United Kingdom. FIR - Ben, C B IR - Ben CB IRAD- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, United Kingdom. FIR - Watt, P IR - Watt P IRAD- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kettering, United Kingdom. FIR - Raymode, P IR - Raymode P IRAD- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kettering, United Kingdom. FIR - Pearse, R IR - Pearse R IRAD- Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom. FIR - Mohr, O IR - Mohr O IRAD- Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom. FIR - Raj, A IR - Raj A IRAD- Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom. FIR - Creary, T IR - Creary T IRAD- Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom. FIR - Chishti, A IR - Chishti A IRAD- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust the Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FIR - Bell, A IR - Bell A IRAD- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust the Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FIR - Higham, C IR - Higham C IRAD- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust the Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FIR - Cain, A IR - Cain A IRAD- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust the Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FIR - Gibb, S IR - Gibb S IRAD- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust the Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FIR - Mowat, S IR - Mowat S IRAD- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust the Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. FIR - Franklin, D IR - Franklin D IRAD- Derriford Hospital Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom. FIR - West, C IR - West C IRAD- Derriford Hospital Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom. FIR - Minto, G IR - Minto G IRAD- Derriford Hospital Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom. FIR - Boyd, N IR - Boyd N IRAD- Derriford Hospital Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom. FIR - Mills, G IR - Mills G IRAD- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. FIR - Calton, E IR - Calton E IRAD- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. FIR - Walker, R IR - Walker R IRAD- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. FIR - Mackenzie, F IR - Mackenzie F IRAD- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. FIR - Ellison, B IR - Ellison B IRAD- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. FIR - Roberts, H IR - Roberts H IRAD- Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. FIR - Chikungwa, M IR - Chikungwa M IRAD- Mid Staffordshire NHS, Stafford, United Kingdom. FIR - Jackson, C IR - Jackson C IRAD- Mid Staffordshire NHS, Stafford, United Kingdom. FIR - Donovan, A IR - Donovan A IRAD- Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, United Kingdom. FIR - Foot, J IR - Foot J IRAD- Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, United Kingdom. FIR - Homan, E IR - Homan E IRAD- Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, United Kingdom. FIR - Montgomery, J IR - Montgomery J IRAD- South Devon Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust /Torbay Hospital, Torquay, Torbay, United Kingdom. FIR - Portch, D IR - Portch D IRAD- South Devon Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust /Torbay Hospital, Torquay, Torbay, United Kingdom. FIR - Mercer, P IR - Mercer P IRAD- South Devon Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust /Torbay Hospital, Torquay, Torbay, United Kingdom. FIR - Palmer, J IR - Palmer J IRAD- South Devon Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust /Torbay Hospital, Torquay, Torbay, United Kingdom. FIR - Paddle, J IR - Paddle J IRAD- Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom. FIR - Fouracres, A IR - Fouracres A IRAD- Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom. FIR - Datson, A IR - Datson A IRAD- Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom. FIR - Andrew, A IR - Andrew A IRAD- Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom. FIR - Welch, L IR - Welch L IRAD- Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom. FIR - Rose, A IR - Rose A IRAD- Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield, United Kingdom. FIR - Varma, S IR - Varma S IRAD- Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield, United Kingdom. FIR - Simeson, K IR - Simeson K IRAD- Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield, United Kingdom. FIR - Rambhatla, M IR - Rambhatla M IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Susarla, J IR - Susarla J IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Marri, S IR - Marri S IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Kodaganallur, K IR - Kodaganallur K IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Das, A IR - Das A IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Algarsamy, S IR - Algarsamy S IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Colley, J IR - Colley J IRAD- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromich, United Kingdom. FIR - Davies, S IR - Davies S IRAD- York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom. FIR - Szewczyk, M IR - Szewczyk M IRAD- York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom. FIR - Smith, T IR - Smith T IRAD- York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom. FIR - Ana, F B IR - Ana FB IRAD- University of Colorado School of Medicine/University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, United States. FIR - Luzier, E IR - Luzier E IRAD- University of Colorado School of Medicine/University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, United States. FIR - Almagro, A IR - Almagro A IRAD- University of Colorado School of Medicine/University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, United States. FIR - Melo, M V IR - Melo MV IRAD- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States. FIR - Fernando, L IR - Fernando L IRAD- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States. FIR - Sulemanji, D IR - Sulemanji D IRAD- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States. FIR - Sprung, J IR - Sprung J IRAD- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States. FIR - Weingarten, T IR - Weingarten T IRAD- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States. FIR - Kor, D IR - Kor D IRAD- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States. FIR - Scavonetto, F IR - Scavonetto F IRAD- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States. FIR - Tze, Y IR - Tze Y IRAD- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States. EDAT- 2019/02/17 06:00 MHDA- 2019/04/23 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/17 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/10/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/10/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/02/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/04/23 06:00 [medline] AID - S0007-0912(18)31333-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bja.2018.10.063 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Anaesth. 2019 Mar;122(3):361-369. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.10.063. Epub 2019 Feb 8.