PMID- 30778945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190610 LR - 20200225 IS - 1614-7499 (Electronic) IS - 0944-1344 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 11 DP - 2019 Apr TI - The interactive effect of the season and estuary position on the concentration of persistent organic pollutants in water and sediment from the Cua Dai estuary in Vietnam. PG - 10756-10766 LID - 10.1007/s11356-019-04238-7 [doi] AB - The current study was conducted in the Cua Dai estuary, Vietnam, (1) to assess the status of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and (2) to examine the interactive effect of season and estuary position on the concentration of the pollutants in surface water and sediment. Fifty-two water and sediment samples were taken in the dry and rainy seasons from inner- and outer-estuary positions to analyze for six POPs, including hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). The averaged concentrations of the respective POPs in water samples were 0.07, 0.1, 0.01, 0.03, 0.001, and 0.2 mug L(-1) and in sediment samples were 2.6, 3.1, 0.9, 0.2, 0.2, and 121 mug kg(-1). Of the six POPs examined, the concentration of DDTs in sediment samples and PCBs in water samples was significantly affected by the interactive effect of the two examined factors. The concentrations of HCHs, DDTs, heptachlor, and aldrin in water samples and of HCHs in sediment samples were significantly higher in the rainy season than in the dry season. Sediment samples collected from the inner position had a significantly higher concentration of HCHs and PCBs than in the outer position. Some mechanisms possibly influenced the varying POP concentration could include (1) greater riverine discharge in the rainy season and (2) the sea dilution effect in the outer position. Therefore, the concentration of the individual examined POPs in water and sediment in the Cua Dai estuary significantly depended on either the season, estuary position, or their combination. FAU - Nguyen, Tong Xuan AU - Nguyen TX AD - Institute of Environmental Science, Engineering, and Management, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Go Vap District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. AD - Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Nguyen, Binh Thanh AU - Nguyen BT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3982-7780 AD - Institute of Environmental Science, Engineering, and Management, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Go Vap District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. FAU - Tran, Huong Thu Thi AU - Tran HTT AD - Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, No. 18, Vien street, Duc Thang Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Le, Trinh Thi AU - Le TT AD - Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Road, Phu Dien precinct, North-Tu Liem district, Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Trinh, Tham Thi AU - Trinh TT AD - Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Road, Phu Dien precinct, North-Tu Liem district, Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Trinh, Thuy Thi AU - Trinh TT AD - Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Road, Phu Dien precinct, North-Tu Liem district, Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Tu, Minh Binh AU - Tu MB AD - Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Cao, Ngoc-Dan-Thanh AU - Cao ND AD - NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. FAU - Vo, Hien Dieu Thi AU - Vo HDT AD - Environmental Engineering and Management Research Group and Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Tan Phong Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Vothidieuhien@tdtu.edu.vn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190218 PL - Germany TA - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int JT - Environmental science and pollution research international JID - 9441769 RN - 0 (Organic Chemicals) RN - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical) SB - IM MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - *Estuaries MH - Fresh Water/*chemistry MH - Geologic Sediments/*chemistry MH - Organic Chemicals/*analysis MH - *Seasons MH - Vietnam MH - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - DDTs OT - Estuary OT - HCHs OT - Organochlorine pesticides OT - PCBs OT - Sediment OT - Water EDAT- 2019/02/20 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/14 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/20 06:00 PHST- 2018/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/01/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/02/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/02/20 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11356-019-04238-7 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11356-019-04238-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Apr;26(11):10756-10766. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04238-7. Epub 2019 Feb 18.