PMID- 30783461
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200929
IS  - 1792-0981 (Print)
IS  - 1792-1015 (Electronic)
IS  - 1792-0981 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 3
DP  - 2019 Mar
TI  - Incremental effect of liraglutide on traditional insulin injections in rats with 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus by maintaining glycolipid metabolism and cardiovascular 
      function.
PG  - 1863-1869
LID - 10.3892/etm.2019.7148 [doi]
AB  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, 
      damaged insulin secretion and insulin resistance with high morbidity and 
      mortality. Liraglutide (liragl) and insulin are effective hypoglycemic agents 
      used in T2DM treatment. The potential effect of liragl in combination with 
      insulin on T2DM remains unclear. The aim of the current study was to explore 
      effects of liragl combined with insulin on glycolipid metabolism and 
      cardiovascular function in rats with diabetes. A diabetes model was established 
      in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to a high calorie and high sugar diet in 
      conjunction with intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin. Results indicated 
      that liragl or insulin used alone decreased glucose and elevated insulin and 
      c-peptide levels. However, their combination revealed greater effects. A 
      significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels along with a 
      decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein 
      cholesterol were observed in liragl- and insulin-treated rats compared with 
      STZ-induced diabetes rats. Furthermore, co-administration of liragl and insulin 
      significantly decreased sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 levels and 
      increased adenosine 5'-monophosphate kinase-alpha1 and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 
      1 expression. Combining liragl with insulin reduced myocardial hypertrophy level 
      and gaps between cardiomyocytes compared with liragl or insulin treatment alone. 
      Caspase-3 expression was significantly decreased by combination treatment of 
      liragl and insulin. Oxidative damage was significantly decreased by 
      co-administration of liragl and insulin through enhancing superoxide dismutase 
      expression and reducing malondialdehyde. Furthermore, combination of liragl and 
      insulin significantly reduced myocardial enzyme expression, including myoglobin, 
      creatine kinase-muscle/brain and cardiac troponin I. In summary, the current 
      study demonstrated synergistic effects of liragl and insulin injections on a T2DM 
      rat model by maintaining glycolipid metabolism and cardiovascular function.
FAU - Huang, Qian
AU  - Huang Q
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Liu, Chan
AU  - Liu C
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Li, Jia-Rui
AU  - Li JR
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Zhang, Ling
AU  - Zhang L
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Huang, Fu-Chang
AU  - Huang FC
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Wang, Dan
AU  - Wang D
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Luo, Ya-Jing
AU  - Luo YJ
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, 
      P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190103
PL  - Greece
TA  - Exp Ther Med
JT  - Experimental and therapeutic medicine
JID - 101531947
PMC - PMC6364179
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cardiovascular function
OT  - glycolipid metabolism
OT  - insulin
OT  - liraglutide
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2019/02/21 06:00
MHDA- 2019/02/21 06:01
PMCR- 2019/01/03
CRDT- 2019/02/21 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/04/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/02/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/02/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/02/21 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ETM-0-0-7148 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/etm.2019.7148 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Ther Med. 2019 Mar;17(3):1863-1869. doi: 10.3892/etm.2019.7148. Epub 2019 Jan 
      3.