PMID- 30787748
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 2321-4856 (Electronic)
IS  - 1658-631X (Print)
IS  - 2321-4856 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jan-Apr
TI  - Hospital Prevalence of Retinopathy in Patients with Newly-Diagnosed Type 2 
      Diabetes.
PG  - 26-30
LID - 10.4103/1658-631X.194248 [doi]
AB  - AIMS: To determine the period prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the 
      associated factors in patients with newly-diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus 
      (T2DM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, all newly-diagnosed T2DM 
      patients who attended the ophthalmology clinic at King Fahad Hospital of the 
      University between January 2012 and January 2015, were examined for DR. After 
      pupillary dilation, the ophthalmic fundus was examined by a retina consultant 
      using slit-lamp indirect ophthalmoscopy. Risk factors such as gender, age, 
      hypertension, nephropathy, the level of glycated hemoglobin (Hb), 
      microalbuminuria, and hyperlipidemia were evaluated for possible association with 
      DR at the time of diagnosis. RESULTS: The study included 112 newly-diagnosed T2DM 
      patients. DR was present in seven patients (6.25%) with a mean age of 53.4 +/- 6.4 
      years, four of whom were females (57%). Nonproliferative DR was present in all 
      patients with DR, two patients (28.6%) presented with bilateral clinically 
      significant macular edema requiring laser photocoagulation treatment and 
      intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. In the study 
      cohort, elevated hemoglobin A1C levels (HbA1C) were detected in 55 patients 
      (49.1%), microalbuminuria in 28 (25.0%), hypertension in 31 (27.6%), 
      hyperlipidemia in 65 (58.0%) and obesity in 43 (38.1%). At the time of T2DM 
      diagnosis, uncontrolled HbA1C levels were significantly associated with the 
      presence of retinopathy (P = 0.045); however, no statistical significance was 
      observed for the remaining risk factors. CONCLUSION: The frequency of retinopathy 
      in newly-diagnosed T2DM patients was similar to previous reports. 
      Vision-threatening maculopathy was present in two of seven patients, requiring 
      further intervention. Therefore, early screening is strongly recommended for all 
      newly-diagnosed T2DM patients. Prospective studies with a large sample size are 
      needed to verify the risk factors for these patients.
FAU - Al-Zamil, Waseem M
AU  - Al-Zamil WM
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Dammam, Dammam, 
      Saudi Arabia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161116
PL  - India
TA  - Saudi J Med Med Sci
JT  - Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences
JID - 101675905
PMC - PMC6298276
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Associated factors
OT  - newly-diagnosed Type 2 diabetes
OT  - prevalence
OT  - retinopathy
COIS- There are no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2017/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 2017/01/01 00:01
PMCR- 2017/01/01
CRDT- 2019/02/22 06:00
PHST- 2019/02/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - SJMMS-5-26 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/1658-631X.194248 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2017 Jan-Apr;5(1):26-30. doi: 10.4103/1658-631X.194248. Epub 
      2016 Nov 16.