PMID- 30795747
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190531
LR  - 20231006
IS  - 1472-6785 (Electronic)
IS  - 1472-6785 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Feb 22
TI  - Protura are unique: first evidence of specialized feeding on ectomycorrhizal 
      fungi in soil invertebrates.
PG  - 10
LID - 10.1186/s12898-019-0227-y [doi]
LID - 10
AB  - BACKGROUND: Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) play a central role in nutrient cycling 
      in boreal and temperate forests, but their role in the soil food web remains 
      little understood. One of the groups assumed to live as specialised mycorrhizal 
      feeders are Protura, but experimental and field evidence is lacking. We used a 
      combination of three methods to test if Protura are specialized mycorrhizal 
      feeders and compared their trophic niche with other soil invertebrates. Using 
      pulse labelling of young beech and ash seedlings we analysed the incorporation of 
      (13)C and (15)N into Acerentomon gallicum. In addition, individuals of Protura 
      from temperate forests were collected for the analysis of neutral lipid fatty 
      acids and natural variations in stable isotope ratios. RESULTS: Pulse labelling 
      showed rapid incorporation of root-derived (13)C, but no incorporation of 
      root-derived (15)N into A. gallicum. The transfer of (13)C from lateral roots to 
      ectomycorrhizal root tips was high, while it was low for (15)N. Neutral lipid 
      fatty acid (NLFA) analysis showed high amounts of bacterial marker (16:1omega7) and 
      plant marker (16:0 and 18:1omega9) fatty acids but not of the fungal membrane lipid 
      18:2omega6,9 in A. gallicum. Natural variations in stable isotope ratios in Protura 
      from a number of temperate forests were distinct from those of the great majority 
      of other soil invertebrates, but remarkably similar to those of sporocarps of ECM 
      fungi. CONCLUSIONS: Using three in situ methods, stable isotope labelling, 
      neutral lipid fatty acid analysis and natural variations of stable isotope 
      ratios, we showed that Protura predominantly feed on mycorrhizal hyphae via 
      sucking up hyphal cytoplasm. Predominant feeding on ectomycorrhizal mycelia by 
      Protura is an exception; the limited consumption of ECM by other soil 
      invertebrates may contribute to carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal 
      forests.
FAU - Bluhm, Sarah L
AU  - Bluhm SL
AD  - J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University 
      of Gottingen, Untere Karspule 2, 37073, Gottingen, Germany. szieger@gwdg.de.
FAU - Potapov, Anton M
AU  - Potapov AM
AD  - J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University 
      of Gottingen, Untere Karspule 2, 37073, Gottingen, Germany.
AD  - Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, 
      Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
FAU - Shrubovych, Julia
AU  - Shrubovych J
AD  - Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, 
      ul. Slawkowska 17, 31-016, Krakow, Poland.
AD  - State Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Teatral'na St. 
      18, L'viv, UA 79008, Ukraine.
AD  - Institute of Soil Biology, Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Na 
      Sadkach 7, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
FAU - Ammerschubert, Silke
AU  - Ammerschubert S
AD  - Busgen Institute, Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Gottingen, 
      Busgenweg 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany.
FAU - Polle, Andrea
AU  - Polle A
AD  - Busgen Institute, Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Gottingen, 
      Busgenweg 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany.
FAU - Scheu, Stefan
AU  - Scheu S
AD  - J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University 
      of Gottingen, Untere Karspule 2, 37073, Gottingen, Germany.
AD  - Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Gottingen, 
      Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075, Gottingen, Germany.
LA  - eng
SI  - figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.7687484
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190222
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Ecol
JT  - BMC ecology
JID - 101088674
RN  - 0 (Carbon Isotopes)
RN  - 0 (Nitrogen Isotopes)
RN  - 0 (Nitrogen-15)
RN  - FDJ0A8596D (Carbon-13)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arthropods/*physiology
MH  - Carbon Isotopes/analysis
MH  - Feeding Behavior
MH  - *Food Chain
MH  - Forests
MH  - Germany
MH  - *Mycorrhizae/chemistry
MH  - Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis
MH  - Soil Microbiology
PMC - PMC6387494
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acerentomon
OT  - Carbon
OT  - Carbon sequestration
OT  - Mycorrhiza
OT  - Nitrogen
OT  - Nutrition biology
OT  - Pulse labelling
OT  - Rhizosphere
OT  - Stable isotopes
OT  - Temperate forests
EDAT- 2019/02/24 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/01 06:00
PMCR- 2019/02/22
CRDT- 2019/02/24 06:00
PHST- 2018/07/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/02/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/02/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/02/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12898-019-0227-y [pii]
AID - 227 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12898-019-0227-y [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Ecol. 2019 Feb 22;19(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s12898-019-0227-y.