PMID- 30804103
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190916
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 87
IP  - 5
DP  - 2019 Mar
TI  - Leishmania donovani Lipophosphoglycan Increases Macrophage-Dependent Chemotaxis 
      of CXCR6-Expressing Cells via CXCL16 Induction.
LID - 10.1128/IAI.00064-19 [doi]
LID - e00064-19
AB  - CXCL16 is a multifunctional chemokine that is highly expressed by macrophages and 
      other immune cells in response to bacterial and viral pathogens; however, little 
      is known regarding the role of CXCL16 during parasitic infections. The protozoan 
      parasite Leishmania donovani is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. 
      Even though chemokine production is a host defense mechanism during infection, 
      subversion of the host chemokine system constitutes a survival strategy adopted 
      by the parasite. Here, we report that L. donovani promastigotes upregulate CXCL16 
      synthesis and secretion by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). In contrast to 
      wild-type parasites, a strain deficient in the virulence factor lipophosphoglycan 
      (LPG) failed to induce CXCL16 production. Consistent with this, cell treatment 
      with purified L. donovani LPG augmented CXCL16 expression and secretion. Notably, 
      the ability of BMDM to promote migration of cells expressing CXCR6, the cognate 
      receptor of CXCL16, was augmented upon L. donovani infection in a CXCL16- and 
      LPG-dependent manner. Mechanistically, CXCL16 induction by L. donovani required 
      the activity of AKT and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) but was 
      independent of Toll-like receptor signaling. Collectively, these data provide 
      evidence that CXCL16 is part of the inflammatory response elicited by L. donovani 
      LPG in vitro Further investigation using CXCL16 knockout mice is required to 
      determine whether this chemokine contributes to the pathogenesis of visceral 
      leishmaniasis and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 American Society for Microbiology.
FAU - Chaparro, Visnu
AU  - Chaparro V
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6880-9234
AD  - Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, 
      Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Leroux, Louis-Philippe
AU  - Leroux LP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9736-1827
AD  - Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, 
      Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Zimmermann, Aude
AU  - Zimmermann A
AD  - Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, 
      Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Jardim, Armando
AU  - Jardim A
AD  - Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, 
      Canada.
FAU - Johnston, Brent
AU  - Johnston B
AD  - Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, 
      Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
FAU - Descoteaux, Albert
AU  - Descoteaux A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0633-5309
AD  - Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, 
      Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Jaramillo, Maritza
AU  - Jaramillo M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1910-5684
AD  - Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, 
      Quebec, Canada maritza.jaramillo@iaf.inrs.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190423
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CXCL16)
RN  - 0 (Glycosphingolipids)
RN  - 0 (lipophosphonoglycan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chemokine CXCL16/*immunology
MH  - Chemotaxis/*immunology
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Glycosphingolipids/*immunology
MH  - Host-Parasite Interactions/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leishmania donovani/*immunology
MH  - Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*immunology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
PMC - PMC6479025
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CXCL16
OT  - Leishmania
OT  - cell signaling
OT  - chemokine
OT  - inflammation
OT  - lipophosphoglycan
OT  - macrophage
EDAT- 2019/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/17 06:00
PMCR- 2019/10/23
CRDT- 2019/02/27 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/02/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/02/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/10/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - IAI.00064-19 [pii]
AID - 00064-19 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/IAI.00064-19 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 2019 Apr 23;87(5):e00064-19. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00064-19. Print 2019 
      Mar.