PMID- 30823349
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190408
LR  - 20190408
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 247
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Organophosphate ester and phthalate ester metabolites in urine from primiparas in 
      Shenzhen, China: Implications for health risks.
PG  - 944-952
LID - S0269-7491(18)34103-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.107 [doi]
AB  - Organophosphate esters (OPEs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) are extensively used as 
      additives in commercial and household products. However, knowledge on human 
      exposure to OPEs and PAEs remains limited in China. This study aimed to 
      investigate OPE and PAE metabolites in urine samples of primiparas and to 
      evaluate the cumulative risk of OPE and PAE exposure. A total of 8 OPE 
      metabolites and 11 PAE metabolites were measured in urine samples of 84 
      primiparas from Shenzhen, China. The OPE metabolites were found in at least 72% 
      of the urine samples with bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) being the dominant 
      analogue. Among the 11 PAE metabolites, mono-n-butyl phthalate (mBP) was the most 
      abundant analogue and had a median concentration (139 mug/L) greater than those 
      reported in urine samples from other countries and regions. A significant, 
      positive correlation was found between Sigma(8)OPEMs (the sum of 8 OPE metabolites) 
      and body mass index (BMI). The urinary concentration of Sigma(11)PAEMs (the sum of 11 
      PAE metabolites) was positively associated with the time of computer using by the 
      primiparas. The estimated daily intakes (EDI) of tris(2-chlorethyl) phosphate 
      (TCEP, the parent chemical of BCEP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP, the parent 
      chemical of mBP) were determined to be 0.47 and 9.14 mug/kg bw/day, respectively. 
      The 95th percentile EDI values for TCEP and DnBP both exceeded their 
      corresponding reference doses. Twelve and fifty-five percentage of the primiparas 
      were estimated to have HI(RfD) (hazard index corresponding to reference doses) 
      and HI(TDI) (hazard index corresponding to tolerable daily intake) values 
      exceeding 1 for OPEs and PAEs, respectively, suggesting a relatively high 
      exposure risk.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chen, Yi
AU  - Chen Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the 
      Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
FAU - Jiang, Lei
AU  - Jiang L
AD  - Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, 518028, Guangdong, PR 
      China.
FAU - Lu, Shaoyou
AU  - Lu S
AD  - School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, 
      Guangdong, PR China. Electronic address: lushaoyou2005@163.com.
FAU - Kang, Li
AU  - Kang L
AD  - Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, 
      PR China.
FAU - Luo, Xianru
AU  - Luo X
AD  - Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, 
      PR China.
FAU - Liu, Guihua
AU  - Liu G
AD  - Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, 
      PR China.
FAU - Cui, Xinyi
AU  - Cui X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the 
      Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
FAU - Yu, Yingxin
AU  - Yu Y
AD  - Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School 
      of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and 
      Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, 
      Guangdong, PR China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190201
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Esters)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Phthalic Acids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - China
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*urine
MH  - Esters/*urine
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphates/*urine
MH  - Phthalic Acids/*urine
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cumulative risk
OT  - Estimated daily intake
OT  - Metabolites
OT  - Organophosphate esters
OT  - Phthalate esters
OT  - Primiparas
EDAT- 2019/03/03 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/09 06:00
CRDT- 2019/03/03 06:00
PHST- 2018/09/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/01/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/01/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/03/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0269-7491(18)34103-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.107 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2019 Apr;247:944-952. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.107. Epub 
      2019 Feb 1.