PMID- 30842452
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200924
LR  - 20200924
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Mar 6
TI  - Multidimensional approach to formulating a specialized diet for northern corn 
      rootworm larvae.
PG  - 3709
LID - 10.1038/s41598-019-39709-x [doi]
LID - 3709
AB  - The northern corn rootworm (NCR), Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence, is a major 
      pest of maize (Zea mays L.). This pest has developed resistance to insecticides 
      and adapted to crop rotation and may already be in the early stages of adaptation 
      to toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Toxicity bioassays using 
      artificial diet have proven to be valuable for monitoring resistance in many 
      species, but no artificial diet has been developed specifically for NCR larvae. 
      Toward this end, we first evaluated known Diabrotica diets to identify a starting 
      media. We then developed a specialized diet for NCR using an iterative approach. 
      Screening designs including 8 diet components were performed to identify the 
      principal nutritional components contributing to multiple developmental 
      parameters (survival, weight, and molting). We then applied mixture designs 
      coupled with response surface modeling to optimize a blend of those components. 
      Finally, we validated an improved NCR diet formulation that supports 
      approximately 97% survival and molting, and a 150% increase in larval weight 
      after 10 days of feeding compared with the best previously published artificial 
      diet. This formulation appears suitable for use in diet bioassays as a tool for 
      evaluating the resistance of NCR populations to insecticides.
FAU - Huynh, Man P
AU  - Huynh MP
AD  - Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, 
      USA. mphd32@missouri.edu.
FAU - Hibbard, Bruce E
AU  - Hibbard BE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8067-4416
AD  - Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, 
      Missouri, 65211, USA.
FAU - Lapointe, Stephen L
AU  - Lapointe SL
AD  - U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Fort 
      Pierce, Florida, 34945, USA.
FAU - Niedz, Randall P
AU  - Niedz RP
AD  - U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Fort 
      Pierce, Florida, 34945, USA.
FAU - French, B Wade
AU  - French BW
AD  - North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research 
      Service, Brookings, South Dakota, 57006, USA.
FAU - Pereira, Adriano E
AU  - Pereira AE
AD  - Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, 
      Missouri, 65211, USA.
FAU - Finke, Deborah L
AU  - Finke DL
AD  - Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, 
      USA.
FAU - Shelby, Kent S
AU  - Shelby KS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9859-3497
AD  - Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research 
      Service, Columbia, Missouri, 65203, USA.
FAU - Coudron, Thomas A
AU  - Coudron TA
AD  - Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research 
      Service, Columbia, Missouri, 65203, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190306
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Endotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
SB  - IM
EIN - Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 15;10(1):746. PMID: 31937872
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics
MH  - Bacterial Proteins
MH  - Coleoptera/metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Diet/*methods
MH  - Endotoxins
MH  - Food, Formulated/*parasitology
MH  - Insecticides
MH  - Larva/physiology
MH  - Plant Roots
MH  - Plants, Genetically Modified
MH  - Zea mays/genetics
PMC - PMC6403226
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2019/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/25 06:00
PMCR- 2019/03/06
CRDT- 2019/03/08 06:00
PHST- 2018/08/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/03/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-019-39709-x [pii]
AID - 39709 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-019-39709-x [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 6;9(1):3709. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39709-x.