PMID- 30842948
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 2297-1769 (Print)
IS  - 2297-1769 (Electronic)
IS  - 2297-1769 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2019
TI  - Key Gaps in the Knowledge of the Porcine Respiratory Reproductive Syndrome Virus 
      (PRRSV).
PG  - 38
LID - 10.3389/fvets.2019.00038 [doi]
LID - 38
AB  - The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the 
      most important swine diseases in the world. It is causing an enormous economic 
      burden due to reproductive failure in sows and a complex respiratory syndrome in 
      pigs of all ages, with mortality varying from 2 to 100% in the most extreme cases 
      of emergent highly pathogenic strains. PRRSV displays complex interactions with 
      the immune system and a high mutation rate, making the development, and 
      implementation of control strategies a major challenge. In this review, the 
      biology of the virus will be addressed focusing on newly discovered functions of 
      non-structural proteins and novel dissemination mechanisms. Secondly, the role of 
      different cell types and viral proteins will be reviewed in natural and 
      vaccine-induced immune response together with the role of different immune 
      evasion mechanisms focusing on those gaps of knowledge that are critical to 
      generate more efficacious vaccines. Finally, novel strategies for antigen 
      discovery and vaccine development will be discussed, in particular the use of 
      exosomes (extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin). As nanocarriers of lipids, 
      proteins and nucleic acids, exosomes have potential effects on cell activation, 
      modulation of immune responses and antigen presentation. Thus, representing a 
      novel vaccination approach against this devastating disease.
FAU - Montaner-Tarbes, Sergio
AU  - Montaner-Tarbes S
AD  - Innovex Therapeutics S.L, Badalona, Spain.
AD  - Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Agraria 
      (ETSEA), Universidad de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
FAU - Del Portillo, Hernando A
AU  - Del Portillo HA
AD  - Innovex Therapeutics S.L, Badalona, Spain.
AD  - Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.
AD  - ISGlobal, Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
AD  - Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Montoya, Maria
AU  - Montoya M
AD  - Innovex Therapeutics S.L, Badalona, Spain.
AD  - Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones 
      Cientificas, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Fraile, Lorenzo
AU  - Fraile L
AD  - Innovex Therapeutics S.L, Badalona, Spain.
AD  - Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Agraria 
      (ETSEA), Universidad de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190220
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Vet Sci
JT  - Frontiers in veterinary science
JID - 101666658
PMC - PMC6391865
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - extracellular vesicles
OT  - immunology
OT  - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
OT  - vaccinology
OT  - virus biology
EDAT- 2019/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/08 06:01
PMCR- 2019/01/01
CRDT- 2019/03/08 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/01/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fvets.2019.00038 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Vet Sci. 2019 Feb 20;6:38. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00038. eCollection 2019.