PMID- 30872056
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191106
LR  - 20191106
IS  - 1879-0003 (Electronic)
IS  - 0141-8130 (Linking)
VI  - 132
DP  - 2019 Jul 1
TI  - Removal of chlorpyrifos, an insecticide using metal free heterogeneous graphitic 
      carbon nitride (g-C(3)N(4)) incorporated chitosan as catalyst: Photocatalytic and 
      adsorption studies.
PG  - 289-299
LID - S0141-8130(18)36623-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.071 [doi]
AB  - The present study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of an organic 
      pesticide using a metal free heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C(3)N(4)) 
      incorporated into chitosan as catalyst. Chlorpyrifos (O, 
      O-diethylO-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate (CPFS)), an insecticide 
      includes in a class of Organophosphate pesticides with a chemical formula 
      (C(9)H(11)Cl(3)NO(3)PS). It is widely used in agricultural lands to control pests 
      in cotton, fruit and vegetables. The acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos is still 
      dangerous to all aquatic living organisms. The CS/g-C(3)N(4) materials have been 
      characterized using UV-vis spectrophotometer (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared 
      spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray 
      Analysis (EDX), Thermal analysis (TGA-DSC), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), X-ray 
      diffraction (XRD), Diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and Electron spin resonance 
      (ESR). The degradation of pesticide using CS/g-C(3)N(4) showed good efficiency of 
      about 85%. The results suggest that CS/g-C(3)N(4) composite is a good alternative 
      for the treatment of chlorpyrifos in aqueous solution. We have proposed a novel 
      photocatalyst by metal free heterogeneous graphitic carbon using melamine and its 
      recombination effects were minimized by chitosan which act as an electron 
      carrier. The enhanced photocatalytic performance could be attributed to an 
      efficient separation of electron-hole pairs through a Z-scheme mechanism, in 
      which chitosan acted as charge separation carriers.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Vigneshwaran, Sivakumar
AU  - Vigneshwaran S
AD  - Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, 
      Gandhigram, 624 302 Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
FAU - Preethi, Jayaram
AU  - Preethi J
AD  - Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, 
      Gandhigram, 624 302 Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
FAU - Meenakshi, Sankaran
AU  - Meenakshi S
AD  - Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, 
      Gandhigram, 624 302 Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: 
      sankaranmeenakshi2014@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190311
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int J Biol Macromol
JT  - International journal of biological macromolecules
JID - 7909578
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Nitriles)
RN  - 534Q0F66RK (cyanogen)
RN  - 7782-42-5 (Graphite)
RN  - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - Catalysis
MH  - Chitosan/*chemistry
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/*chemistry/*isolation & purification
MH  - Graphite/*chemistry
MH  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
MH  - Insecticides/chemistry/isolation & purification
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Nitriles/*chemistry
MH  - *Photochemical Processes
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CS/g-C(3)N(4)
OT  - Chlorpyrifos
OT  - Photo-catalytic degradation
EDAT- 2019/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/11/07 06:00
CRDT- 2019/03/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/03/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/03/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/11/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/03/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0141-8130(18)36623-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.071 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jul 1;132:289-299. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.071. 
      Epub 2019 Mar 11.