PMID- 30875394
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191211
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
DP  - 2019
TI  - Social cognition impairments are associated with behavioural changes in the long 
      term after stroke.
PG  - e0213725
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0213725 [doi]
LID - e0213725
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Behavioural changes after stroke might be explained by 
      social cognition impairments. The aim of the present study was to investigate 
      whether performances on social cognition tests (including emotion recognition, 
      Theory of Mind (ToM), empathy and behaviour regulation) were associated with 
      behavioural deficits (as measured by proxy ratings) in a group of patients with 
      relatively mild stroke. METHODS: Prospective cohort study in which 119 patients 
      underwent neuropsychological assessment with tests for social cognition (emotion 
      recognition, ToM, empathy, and behaviour regulation) 3-4 years post stroke. Test 
      scores were compared with scores of 50 healthy controls. Behavioural problems 
      were assessed with the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) self rating and proxy 
      rating scales. Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationship 
      between the social cognition measures and DEX scores. RESULTS: Patients performed 
      significantly worse on emotion recognition, ToM and behaviour regulation tests 
      than controls. Mean DEX-self score did not differ significantly from the mean 
      DEX-proxy score. DEX-proxy ratings correlated with tests for emotion recognition, 
      empathy, and behavioural regulation (lower scores on these items were associated 
      with more problems on the DEX-proxy scale). CONCLUSIONS: Social cognition 
      impairments are present in the long term after stroke, even in a group of mildly 
      affected stroke patients. Most of these impairments also turned out to be 
      associated with a broad range of behavioural problems as rated by proxies of the 
      patients. This strengthens the proposal that social cognition impairments are 
      part of the underlying mechanism of behavioural change. Since tests for social 
      cognition can be administered in an early stage, this would allow for timely 
      identification of patients at risk for behavioural problems in the long term.
FAU - Nijsse, Britta
AU  - Nijsse B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3126-8793
AD  - Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Department of Neurology, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
FAU - Spikman, Jacoba M
AU  - Spikman JM
AD  - University of Groningen, Department of Clinical and Developmental 
      Neuropsychology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
AD  - University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Visser-Meily, Johanna M A
AU  - Visser-Meily JMA
AD  - Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, collaboration between University 
      Medical Center Utrecht and Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
AD  - Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of 
      Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
FAU - de Kort, Paul L M
AU  - de Kort PLM
AD  - Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Department of Neurology, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
FAU - van Heugten, Caroline M
AU  - van Heugten CM
AD  - Maastricht University, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of 
      Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
AD  - Maastricht University Medical Center, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life 
      Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190315
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cognition/physiology
MH  - Emotions/physiology
MH  - Empathy/physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - *Social Behavior
MH  - Stroke/*physiopathology
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC6420004
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2019/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00
PMCR- 2019/03/15
CRDT- 2019/03/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/02/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-18-01208 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0213725 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2019 Mar 15;14(3):e0213725. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213725. 
      eCollection 2019.