PMID- 30884251
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200611
LR  - 20240329
IS  - 1744-8409 (Electronic)
IS  - 1744-666X (Print)
IS  - 1744-666X (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 6
DP  - 2019 Jun
TI  - Recent advances in our understanding of mast cell activation - or should it be 
      mast cell mediator disorders?
PG  - 639-656
LID - 10.1080/1744666X.2019.1596800 [doi]
AB  - An increasing number of patients present with multiple symptoms affecting many 
      organs including the brain due to multiple mediators released by mast cells. 
      These unique tissue immune cells are critical for allergic reactions triggered by 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE), but are also stimulated (not activated) by immune, drug, 
      environmental, food, infectious, and stress triggers, leading to secretion of 
      multiple mediators often without histamine and tryptase. The presentation, 
      diagnosis, and management of the spectrum of mast cell disorders are very 
      confusing. As a result, neuropsychiatric symptoms have been left out, and 
      diagnostic criteria made stricter excluding most patients. Areas covered: A 
      literature search was performed on papers published between January 1990 and 
      November 2018 using MEDLINE. Terms used were activation, antihistamines, atopy, 
      autism, brain fog, heparin, KIT mutation, IgE, inflammation, IL-6, IL-31, IL-37, 
      luteolin, mast cells, mastocytosis, mediators, mycotoxins, release, secretion, 
      tetramethoxyluteolin, and tryptase. Expert opinion: Conditions associated with 
      elevated serum or urine levels of any mast cell mediator, in the absence of 
      comorbidities that could explain elevated levels, should be considered 'Mast Cell 
      Mediator Disorders (MCMD).' Emphasis should be placed on the identification of 
      unique mast cell mediators, and development of drugs or supplements that inhibit 
      their release.
FAU - Theoharides, Theoharis C
AU  - Theoharides TC
AD  - a Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of 
      Immunology , Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.
AD  - b Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences , Tufts University School of 
      Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.
AD  - c Department of Internal Medicine , Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts 
      Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
AD  - d Department of Psychiatry , Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts 
      Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
FAU - Tsilioni, Irene
AU  - Tsilioni I
AD  - a Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of 
      Immunology , Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.
FAU - Ren, Huali
AU  - Ren H
AD  - e Department of Otolaryngology , Beijing Electric Power Hospital , Beijing , 
      China.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AR047652/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK062861/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS066205/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS071361/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190422
PL  - England
TA  - Expert Rev Clin Immunol
JT  - Expert review of clinical immunology
JID - 101271248
RN  - 0 (Antigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antigens/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mast Cells/*immunology/pathology
MH  - Mental Disorders/*immunology/pathology
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/*immunology/pathology
PMC - PMC7003574
MID - NIHMS1035568
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Activation
OT  - IL-37
OT  - IL-6
OT  - IgE
OT  - KIT mutation
OT  - antihistamines
OT  - autism spectrum disorder
OT  - brain fog
OT  - cytokines
OT  - inflammation
OT  - luteolin
OT  - mast cells
OT  - mastocytosis
OT  - mediators
OT  - myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
OT  - mycotoxins
OT  - tetramethoxyluteolin
OT  - tryptase
EDAT- 2019/03/19 06:00
MHDA- 2020/06/12 06:00
PMCR- 2020/02/06
CRDT- 2019/03/19 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/06/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/03/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/02/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1080/1744666X.2019.1596800 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2019 Jun;15(6):639-656. doi: 
      10.1080/1744666X.2019.1596800. Epub 2019 Apr 22.