PMID- 30884911 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200120 LR - 20200309 IS - 2072-6651 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6651 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2019 Mar 17 TI - Development of Sensitive and Reliable UPLC-MS/MS Methods for Food Analysis of Emerging Mycotoxins in China Total Diet Study. LID - 10.3390/toxins11030166 [doi] LID - 166 AB - With the climatic changes that have taken place during the last decade, the spectrum of fungal pathogens as well as mycotoxins has considerably changed. As a result, some emerging mycotoxins have been shown to occur frequently in agricultural products. In this study, a sensitive and reliable method for the determination of 10 emerging mycotoxins (beauvericin, enniatin A, enniatin A1, enniatin B, enniatin B1, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, altenuene, tentoxin, and tenuazonic acid) in 12 different food matrices (cereals, legumes, potatoes, meats, eggs, aquatic foods, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, sugars, beverages, and alcohol beverages) was developed and validated. After a simple extraction, a one-step sample clean-up by a HLB solid phase extraction (SPE) column was sufficient for all 12 food matrices prior to analysis with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Isotope internal standards (13)C-TeA, TEN-d(3), and (13)C-AFB2 were used for accurate quantification. Validation in terms of linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision (intra and inter-day variability) were evaluated for the 10 mycotoxins in all selected matrices. The sensitivity varied from 0.0004 to 0.3 ng mL(-1) (limits of detection) and from 0.002 to 0.9 ng mL(-1) (limits of quantitation). The recoveries of 10 mycotoxins in fortified samples were from 60.6% to 164% including very low spiking levels in all 12 food matrices, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 12%. The proposed methodology was applied to the analysis of 60 samples collected from five provinces within the 6(th) China Total Diet Study with the results discussed in detail. The advantages of sensitivity, accuracy, and robustness made it a powerful tool for emerging mycotoxin monitoring and dietary exposure assessment. FAU - Sun, Danlei AU - Sun D AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. sundl603@gmail.com. FAU - Qiu, Nannan AU - Qiu N AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. qiunannan@cfsa.net.cn. FAU - Zhou, Shuang AU - Zhou S AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. szhoupku@gmail.com. FAU - Lyu, Bing AU - Lyu B AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. lvbing@cfsa.net.cn. FAU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Zhang S AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. zhangsh@cfsa.net.cn. FAU - Li, Jingguang AU - Li J AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. lijg@cfsa.net.cn. FAU - Zhao, Yunfeng AU - Zhao Y AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. zhaoyf@cfsa.net.cn. FAU - Wu, Yongning AU - Wu Y AD - China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission, Beijing 100021, China. wuyongning@cfsa.net.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190317 PL - Switzerland TA - Toxins (Basel) JT - Toxins JID - 101530765 RN - 0 (Mycotoxins) SB - IM MH - China MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - Diet MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - Food Analysis MH - Food Contamination/*analysis MH - Mycotoxins/*analysis MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry PMC - PMC6468665 OTO - NOTNLM OT - UPLC-MS/MS OT - complex food matrices OT - emerging mycotoxins OT - total diet study COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2019/03/20 06:00 MHDA- 2020/01/21 06:00 PMCR- 2019/03/01 CRDT- 2019/03/20 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/03/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/03/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/03/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/01/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - toxins11030166 [pii] AID - toxins-11-00166 [pii] AID - 10.3390/toxins11030166 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Toxins (Basel). 2019 Mar 17;11(3):166. doi: 10.3390/toxins11030166.