PMID- 30893745
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190416
LR  - 20190416
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 665
DP  - 2019 May 15
TI  - Trends of persistent organic pollutants in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the 
      Canadian Arctic.
PG  - 1135-1146
LID - S0048-9697(19)30626-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.138 [doi]
AB  - Ringed seals (Phoca hispida) have been used as bioindicator species of 
      environmental contamination in Canada since the 1970s. In the present study, 
      seals were harvested during subsistence hunts in four regions of the Canadian 
      Arctic: Beaufort Sea, Arctic Archipelago, Hudson Bay, and coastal Labrador. An 
      extensive suite of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was determined in seal 
      blubber collected for multiple years between 1972 and 2016. Results from this 
      long-term study indicate geographical differences in the contaminant 
      concentrations in seals and the significant general decrease of most POPs, 
      including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 
      and related compounds, chlordanes (CHL), and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH) over 
      time in ringed seals. The highest decrease rates (up to -9.1%/year for alpha-HCH) 
      were found in seals from the Hudson Bay region where all chemicals investigated 
      have significantly decreased since 1986. Significant increases in concentrations 
      of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in seals from Labrador and beta-HCH in Sachs Harbour, NT 
      and Arctic Archipelago were observed. Site-specific and contaminant-specific 
      associations between climate pattern (i.e., Arctic Oscillation, North Atlantic 
      Oscillation, and Pacific/North American pattern) and mean ice-coverage (total, 
      first-year ice, and old-ice) were found at sites with the longest time trend data 
      (i.e., Arviat, Sachs Harbour/Ulukhaktok and Resolute Bay). Overall, results 
      suggest that North American and international regulations have led to the 
      long-term reduction of most POPs in Canadian Arctic ringed seals by reducing 
      emissions from primary sources. However, other sources of legacy compounds (e.g., 
      environmental reservoirs) as well changes in food web composition and structure 
      in relation to climate changes could also be influencing the very slow rates of 
      decline, or stable levels, of contaminants found in seals at some sites. Further 
      work is warranted to discern between co-variation of climate changes and 
      contaminant concentrations and cause-and-effect relationships.
CI  - Crown Copyright (c) 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Houde, M
AU  - Houde M
AD  - Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, 
      Canada. Electronic address: magali.houde@canada.ca.
FAU - Wang, X
AU  - Wang X
AD  - Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 
      1A1, Canada.
FAU - Colson, T-L L
AU  - Colson TL
AD  - Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, 
      Canada.
FAU - Gagnon, P
AU  - Gagnon P
AD  - Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC H2Y 2E7, 
      Canada.
FAU - Ferguson, S H
AU  - Ferguson SH
AD  - Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Arctic Aquatic Research Division, Winnipeg, MB R3T 
      2N6, Canada.
FAU - Ikonomou, M G
AU  - Ikonomou MG
AD  - Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, 
      Canada.
FAU - Dubetz, C
AU  - Dubetz C
AD  - Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, 
      Canada.
FAU - Addison, R F
AU  - Addison RF
AD  - 1705 Eagle View Place, Duncan, BC V9L 6R1, Canada.
FAU - Muir, D C G
AU  - Muir DCG
AD  - Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 
      1A1, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190211
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipose Tissue/*chemistry
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Canada
MH  - Climate
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Ice Cover
MH  - Male
MH  - Phoca/*metabolism
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Climate change
OT  - Legacy contaminants
OT  - Pinnipeds
OT  - Spatial distribution
OT  - Temporal trends
EDAT- 2019/03/22 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/17 06:00
CRDT- 2019/03/22 06:00
PHST- 2018/12/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/02/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/02/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/03/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(19)30626-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.138 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2019 May 15;665:1135-1146. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.138. Epub 2019 Feb 11.