PMID- 30909591 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191212 LR - 20220408 IS - 1999-4915 (Electronic) IS - 1999-4915 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2019 Mar 23 TI - A Field Recombinant Strain Derived from Two Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-1) Modified Live Vaccines Shows Increased Viremia and Transmission in SPF Pigs. LID - 10.3390/v11030296 [doi] LID - 296 AB - In Europe, modified live vaccines (MLV) are commonly used to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. However, they have been associated with safety issues such as reversion to virulence induced by mutation and/or recombination. On a French pig farm, we identified a field recombinant strain derived from two PRRSV-1 MLV (MLV1). As a result, we aimed to evaluate its clinical, virological, and transmission parameters in comparison with both parental strains. Three groups with six pigs in each were inoculated with either one of the two MLV1s or with the recombinant strain; six contact pigs were then added into each inoculated group. The animals were monitored daily for 35 days post-inoculation (dpi) for clinical symptoms; blood samples and nasal swabs were collected twice a week. PRRS viral load in inoculated pigs of recombinant group was higher in serum, nasal swabs, and tonsils in comparison with both vaccine groups. The first viremic contact pig was detected as soon as 2 dpi in the recombinant group compared to 10 and 17 dpi for vaccine groups. Estimation of transmission parameters revealed fastest transmission and longest duration of infectiousness for recombinant group. Our in vivo study showed that the field recombinant strain derived from two MLV1s demonstrated high viremia, shedding and transmission capacities. FAU - Eclercy, Julie AU - Eclercy J AD - Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Unite Virologie Immunologie Porcines, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. julie.eclercy@anses.fr. AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. julie.eclercy@anses.fr. FAU - Renson, Patricia AU - Renson P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8329-8479 AD - Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Unite Virologie Immunologie Porcines, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. patricia.renson@anses.fr. AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. patricia.renson@anses.fr. AD - Institut du Porc (IFIP), 5 Rue Lespagnol, 75020 Paris, France. patricia.renson@anses.fr. FAU - Lebret, Arnaud AU - Lebret A AD - Porc.Spective, Groupe veterinaire Chene Vert Conseil, ZA de Goheleve, 56920 Noyal-Pontivy, France. a.lebret@chenevertconseil.com. FAU - Hirchaud, Edouard AU - Hirchaud E AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. edouard.hirchaud@anses.fr. AD - Anses, Unite Genetique Virale et Biosecurite, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. edouard.hirchaud@anses.fr. FAU - Normand, Valerie AU - Normand V AD - Porc.Spective, Groupe veterinaire Chene Vert Conseil, ZA de Goheleve, 56920 Noyal-Pontivy, France. v.normand@chenevertconseil.com. FAU - Andraud, Mathieu AU - Andraud M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2891-2901 AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. mathieu.andraud@anses.fr. AD - Anses, Unite Epidemiologie et Bien-etre Porcins, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. mathieu.andraud@anses.fr. FAU - Paboeuf, Frederic AU - Paboeuf F AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. frederic.paboeuf@anses.fr. AD - Anses, Service de Production de Porcs Assainis et Experimentation, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. frederic.paboeuf@anses.fr. FAU - Blanchard, Yannick AU - Blanchard Y AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. yannick.blanchard@anses.fr. AD - Anses, Unite Genetique Virale et Biosecurite, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. yannick.blanchard@anses.fr. FAU - Rose, Nicolas AU - Rose N AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. nicolas.rose@anses.fr. AD - Anses, Unite Epidemiologie et Bien-etre Porcins, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. nicolas.rose@anses.fr. FAU - Bourry, Olivier AU - Bourry O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0220-0922 AD - Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Unite Virologie Immunologie Porcines, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. olivier.bourry@anses.fr. AD - Universite Bretagne Loire, Cite internationale, 1 place Paul Ricoeur, CS 54417, 35044 Rennes, France. olivier.bourry@anses.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190323 PL - Switzerland TA - Viruses JT - Viruses JID - 101509722 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Vaccines, Attenuated) RN - 0 (Viral Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral/*blood MH - Lung/immunology MH - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/immunology/prevention & control/*transmission MH - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*genetics/immunology MH - *Recombination, Genetic MH - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms MH - Swine MH - Vaccination/veterinary MH - Vaccines, Attenuated/genetics/immunology MH - Viral Load MH - Viral Vaccines/genetics/*immunology MH - Viremia/*veterinary MH - Virulence PMC - PMC6466261 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PRRS virus OT - PRRSV-1 OT - modified live vaccine OT - persistence OT - recombination OT - safety OT - transmission COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2019/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00 PMCR- 2019/03/01 CRDT- 2019/03/27 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/03/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/03/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - v11030296 [pii] AID - viruses-11-00296 [pii] AID - 10.3390/v11030296 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Viruses. 2019 Mar 23;11(3):296. doi: 10.3390/v11030296.