PMID- 30913422
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191031
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1879-2448 (Electronic)
IS  - 0043-1354 (Linking)
VI  - 156
DP  - 2019 Jun 1
TI  - Incidence and persistence of silver nanoparticles throughout the wastewater 
      treatment process.
PG  - 188-198
LID - S0043-1354(19)30250-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.031 [doi]
AB  - While the predicted or observed concentrations of Ag NPs in wastewater treatment 
      plants (WWTPs) have ranged from mug/L to ng/L, there is still uncertainty with 
      regards to the realistic concentration range of Ag NPs in WWTPs. In addition, the 
      persistence, removal, and size of Ag NPs throughout WWTP process is also not well 
      investigated, particularly in real operating conditions. In this study, the 
      incidence and persistence of Ag NPs in the wastewater process were studied by 
      using single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-MS). 
      The incidence of Ag NPs was determined in samples collected at the influent and 
      effluent of the conventional process, as well as reclaimed and backwash waters of 
      the ultrafiltration (UF) system in a WWTP (Santa Barbara, CA), showing a 
      concentration of 13.5, 3.2, 0.5 and 9.8 ng/L, respectively, with relative 
      standard deviations (RSDs) < 5%. Total Ag concentration (Ag NP and Ag(+)) ranged 
      from 40 to 70 ng/L, in line with lower predicted values. Most of the Ag NPs 
      detected were below 100 nm, with a few above 100 nm in the conventional effluent. 
      Biological and physical processes in the secondary treatment removed 76.3% of the 
      colloidal Ag fraction, while with the tertiary treatment (UF) the WWTP achieved a 
      removal of 96.3% of the colloidal fraction. Persistence of Ag NPs in various 
      water matrixes, including a synthetic wastewater (SWW), was determined by spiking 
      300 ng/L of Ag NPs (40 nm) and monitoring the concentrations and size change for 
      15 days. The persistence of Ag NPs in suspension was 
      Influent > Effluent > Reclaimed > SWW. Partial dissolution of NPs in all waters 
      was observed from time 0 h. Although the current concentrations in the outlet 
      flows from WWTP (effluent and reclaimed waters) were low, the presence of small 
      and stable Ag NPs may raise ecotoxicological concerns via bioaccumulation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Cervantes-Aviles, Pabel
AU  - Cervantes-Aviles P
AD  - Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, 
      Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA; Center for Environmental Implications of 
      Nanotechnology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
FAU - Huang, Yuxiong
AU  - Huang Y
AD  - Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, 
      Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA; Center for Environmental Implications of 
      Nanotechnology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Shenzhen 
      Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, 
      Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
FAU - Keller, Arturo A
AU  - Keller AA
AD  - Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, 
      Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA; Center for Environmental Implications of 
      Nanotechnology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. 
      Electronic address: keller@bren.ucsb.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190320
PL  - England
TA  - Water Res
JT  - Water research
JID - 0105072
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 3M4G523W1G (Silver)
SB  - IM
MH  - Incidence
MH  - *Metal Nanoparticles
MH  - Silver
MH  - Wastewater
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ag NPs
OT  - Dissolution
OT  - Fate of nanomaterials
OT  - Mass flow of nanoparticles
OT  - Single particle ICP-MS
OT  - Stability
EDAT- 2019/03/27 06:00
MHDA- 2019/11/02 06:00
CRDT- 2019/03/27 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/03/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/03/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0043-1354(19)30250-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.031 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Res. 2019 Jun 1;156:188-198. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.031. Epub 2019 
      Mar 20.