PMID- 30928634
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190531
LR  - 20190531
IS  - 1095-8630 (Electronic)
IS  - 0301-4797 (Linking)
VI  - 239
DP  - 2019 Jun 1
TI  - Thermal degradation of waste plastics under non-sweeping atmosphere: Part 1: 
      Effect of temperature, product optimization, and degradation mechanism.
PG  - 395-406
LID - S0301-4797(19)30370-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.067 [doi]
AB  - Continuous generation of plastic waste has prompted substantial research efforts 
      in its utilization as a feedstock for energy generation. Pyrolysis has emerged as 
      one of the best waste management technique for energy extraction from the plastic 
      waste. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of operating 
      temperature on the liquid product yields in the pyrolysis process by 
      non-isothermal heating. Non-catalytic thermal pyrolysis of waste polyethylene 
      (PE) [high density polyethylene (HDPE)], waste polypropene (PP), waste 
      polystyrene (PS), waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and mixed plastic waste 
      (MPW) was carried out in a non-sweeping atmosphere in a semi-batch reactor at 
      four different temperatures 450, 500, 550, and 600  degrees C. The minimum degradation 
      temperature of the mixed and individual plastics was obtained using a 
      thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA) at a heating rate of 20(  degrees )C/min. The TGA 
      results show that all plastics degrade in a single step and the degradation 
      temperatures of PS > PET > PP > HDPE, while mixed plastic degradation indicates 
      two distinct degradation steps. Further, a waste polymer shows a lower 
      degradation temperature than the virgin polymer. The degradation of HDPE is found 
      to produce the maximum oil yield with minimum solid residue. The degradation of 
      PET results in the highest amount of solid and benzoic acid as crystals and gas 
      with no oil. Degradation of mixed plastic causes oil yield in the intermediate 
      range of pyrolysis of individual plastic wastes. Overall, 500  degrees C is observed to 
      be an optimum temperature for the recovery of low-density pyrolytic oil with the 
      highest liquid yield. The degradation of PE and PP is found to be caused by 
      random chain scission followed by inter and intramolecular hydrogen transfer. The 
      degradation of PS occurs by side elimination or end chain scission followed by 
      beta-scission mechanism. The degradation of mix plastics results from random chain 
      scission followed by beta-scission mechanism. The effect of temperature on oil and 
      gas recovery as well as recovery time was also assessed.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Singh, R K
AU  - Singh RK
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, 
      Durgapur-713209, West Bengal, India.
FAU - Ruj, Biswajit
AU  - Ruj B
AD  - Environmental Engineering Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research 
      Institute, Durgapur-713209, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: 
      bruj@cmeri.res.in.
FAU - Sadhukhan, A K
AU  - Sadhukhan AK
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, 
      Durgapur-713209, West Bengal, India.
FAU - Gupta, P
AU  - Gupta P
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, 
      Durgapur-713209, West Bengal, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190328
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Manage
JT  - Journal of environmental management
JID - 0401664
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 0 (Polyethylene Terephthalates)
RN  - 0 (Polystyrenes)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Hot Temperature
MH  - Plastics/*chemistry
MH  - Polyethylene/chemistry
MH  - Polyethylene Terephthalates/chemistry
MH  - Polystyrenes/chemistry
MH  - Waste Management/methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Degradation
OT  - Fuel recovery
OT  - Plastic waste
OT  - Pyrolysis
OT  - TGA
EDAT- 2019/04/01 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/01 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/01 06:00
PHST- 2018/12/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/02/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/03/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0301-4797(19)30370-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.067 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Manage. 2019 Jun 1;239:395-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.067. 
      Epub 2019 Mar 28.