PMID- 30965245
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190626
LR  - 20190626
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 226
DP  - 2019 Jul
TI  - Biotransformation of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) with LinA2: A HCH 
      and HBCD converting bacterial dehydrohalogenase.
PG  - 744-754
LID - S0045-6535(19)30616-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.169 [doi]
AB  - Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are polyhalogenated hydrocarbons as are 
      hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs). They all have 
      been classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the UN Stockholm 
      Convention. Per se such compounds are transformed slowly in the environment, 
      transported over long distances and accumulate in biota. Several Sphingomonadacea 
      strains isolated from HCH dump sites have evolved to express enzymes that can 
      transform HCHs and HBCDs. We hypothesized that LinA2, a dehydrohalogenase 
      expressed in such bacteria, may also transform CPs to chlorinated olefins (COs). 
      Three mixtures of penta- to deca-chlorinated undecanes (C(11)), dodecanes (C(12)) 
      and tridecanes (C(13)) were exposed to LinA2. High-resolution full-scan mass 
      spectra (R approximately 8'000) of CPs and COs were obtained applying a soft ionization method, 
      enhancing chloride-adduct [M+Cl](-) formation. A mathematical deconvolution 
      procedure was used to separate interfering spectra to verify that LinA2 indeed 
      catalyzed the conversion of CPs to COs. About 20-40% of the material was 
      transformed in 24 h, about 50-70% was converted in 200 h. A bimodal first-order 
      kinetic model could describe transformations of reactive and persistent CPs. 
      Under the given conditions reactive CPs (tau(1/2) = 1.4-6.9 h) were converted 30 to 
      190-times faster than the persistent ones (tau(1/2) = 150-260 h). Proportions of 
      persistent isomers (p(p)) varied from 60 to 80%. Lower chlorinated homologues 
      contained higher proportions of persistent isomers. In conclusion, SCCP mixtures 
      contain both, material that is readily converted by LinA2, and persistent 
      material that is not or only slowly transformed.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Heeb, Norbert V
AU  - Heeb NV
AD  - Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory 
      for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Uberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dubendorf, 
      Switzerland. Electronic address: norbert.heeb@empa.ch.
FAU - Schalles, Simone
AU  - Schalles S
AD  - Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory 
      for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Uberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dubendorf, 
      Switzerland; RWTH, Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Sciences, 
      Worringerweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany; ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of 
      Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamic, 
      Universitatsstrasse 16, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Lehner, Sandro
AU  - Lehner S
AD  - Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory 
      for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Uberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dubendorf, 
      Switzerland; ZHAW, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Chemistry 
      and Biological Chemistry, Reidbach, CH-8820, Wadenswil, Switzerland.
FAU - Schinkel, Lena
AU  - Schinkel L
AD  - Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory 
      for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Uberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dubendorf, 
      Switzerland; ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Chemical 
      and Bioengineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Schilling, Iris
AU  - Schilling I
AD  - Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Uberlandstrasse 
      133, CH-8600, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
FAU - Lienemann, Peter
AU  - Lienemann P
AD  - ZHAW, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Chemistry and 
      Biological Chemistry, Reidbach, CH-8820, Wadenswil, Switzerland.
FAU - Bogdal, Christian
AU  - Bogdal C
AD  - ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and 
      Pollutant Dynamic, Universitatsstrasse 16, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland; present 
      address: FOR, Zurich Forensic Science Institute, Zeughausstrasse 11, CH-8004, 
      Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Kohler, Hans-Peter E
AU  - Kohler HE
AD  - Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Uberlandstrasse 
      133, CH-8600, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190329
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Brominated)
RN  - 59NEE7PCAB (Hexachlorocyclohexane)
RN  - 5I9835JO3M (hexabromocyclododecane)
RN  - 8002-74-2 (Paraffin)
RN  - EC 3.- (Hydrolases)
RN  - EC 3.8.1.5 (haloalkane dehalogenase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biotransformation/*genetics
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Halogenation/*genetics
MH  - Hexachlorocyclohexane/*chemistry
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Brominated/*chemistry
MH  - Hydrolases/*chemistry
MH  - Paraffin/*chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bimodal first-order kinetics
OT  - Chlorinated olefins
OT  - Chlorinated paraffins
OT  - Deconvolution of mass spectra
OT  - Enzymatic transformation
EDAT- 2019/04/10 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/27 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/10 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/03/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/03/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(19)30616-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.169 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2019 Jul;226:744-754. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.169. Epub 
      2019 Mar 29.