PMID- 30991251
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200128
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1573-2517 (Electronic)
IS  - 0165-0327 (Linking)
VI  - 252
DP  - 2019 Jun 1
TI  - Hypertension, socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged 
      and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal 
      study.
PG  - 237-244
LID - S0165-0327(18)32990-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.002 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the effect of diagnosed hypertension on 
      depressive symptoms and socioeconomic status (SES) as moderator in the effect in 
      middle-aged and older adults in China. METHODS: We used data from the nationally 
      representative survey of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 
      including 6273 participants free from depressive symptoms at baseline in 2011-12. 
      We assessed the depressive symptoms based on the 10-item Center for 
      Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. We conducted Cox proportional hazards 
      regression models to examine the effect of baseline diagnosed hypertension status 
      on the subsequent depressive symptoms in 2011-15 with the report of Hazards 
      ratios (HRs). RESULTS: The diagnosed hypertensive participants were more likely 
      to have depressive symptoms than non-hypertensive peers (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 
      1.02-1.23) after adjusted for controlled variables. The effect only occurred in 
      the group of low SES, with rural residency (HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.26), 
      below-average household income (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.26) and primary school 
      or below educational attainment (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00-1.25). LIMITATIONS: 
      Measures of the onset or duration of hypertension were not included, which may 
      modify the estimated effects on depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosed 
      hypertension is a chronic stressor leading to depressive disorders, and the 
      responses to this stressor merely occurred among the low socioeconomic 
      individuals. Our findings underscored the importance of examining the connection 
      between mental and physical health in the context of aging and shed lights on the 
      action to developing strategies for detection and management of hypertension that 
      could cause psychological stress, which may contribute to fighting against 
      depressive symptoms, especially in the low SES population.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Jin, Yinzi
AU  - Jin Y
AD  - Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue 
      Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
FAU - Luo, Yanan
AU  - Luo Y
AD  - APEC Health Science Academy, Peking University/Institute of Population Research, 
      Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
FAU - He, Ping
AU  - He P
AD  - China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, 
      Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: phe@pku.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190408
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Affect Disord
JT  - Journal of affective disorders
JID - 7906073
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Asian People/psychology/statistics & numerical data
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Depression/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Depressive Disorder/complications/*epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypertension/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Income
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Retirement/psychology/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Social Class
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - China
OT  - Depressive symptoms
OT  - Hypertension
OT  - Socioeconomic status
EDAT- 2019/04/17 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/29 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/17 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/01/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/04/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0165-0327(18)32990-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Affect Disord. 2019 Jun 1;252:237-244. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.002. Epub 
      2019 Apr 8.