PMID- 30994196 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200904 LR - 20240214 IS - 1469-7610 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9630 (Print) IS - 0021-9630 (Linking) VI - 60 IP - 9 DP - 2019 Sep TI - Heritability, stability, and prevalence of tonic and phasic irritability as indicators of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. PG - 1032-1041 LID - 10.1111/jcpp.13062 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Little is known about genetic and environmental influences on the components of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), tonic irritability (i.e., irritable mood) and phasic irritability (i.e., temper outbursts). This study examined prevalence, stability, and heritability of tonic irritability, phasic irritability, and a DMDD proxy (pDMDD) based on DSM-5 criteria. METHODS: pDMDD was derived using data from clinical interviews of parents and their twins (N = 1,431 twin pairs), ages 8-17, participating in Waves 1 and 2 of the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. Biometrical modeling was used to compare a common pathway model (CPM) and an independent pathway model (IPM), and heritability estimates were obtained for pDMDD using the symptoms of irritable mood (tonic irritability; DMDD Criterion D), intense temper outbursts (phasic irritability; DMDD Criterion A), and frequent temper outbursts (phasic irritability; DMDD Criterion C). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of pDMDD was 7.46%. The stability of DMDD symptoms and the pDMDD phenotype across approximately one year were moderate (.30-.69). A CPM was a better fit to the data than an IPM. Phasic irritability loaded strongly onto the pDMDD latent factor (.89-.96) whereas tonic irritability did not (.28). Genetic influences accounted for approximately 59% of the variance in the latent pDMDD phenotype, with the remaining 41% of the variance due to unique environmental effects. The heritability of tonic irritability (54%) was slightly lower than that of frequent and intense temper (components of phasic irritability; 61% and 63%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to tonic irritability, phasic irritability appears to be slightly more stable and heritable, as well as a stronger indicator of the latent factor. Furthermore, environmental experiences appear to play a substantial role in the development of irritability and DMDD, and researchers should seek to elucidate these mechanisms in future work. CI - (c) 2019 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. FAU - Moore, Ashlee A AU - Moore AA AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Lapato, Dana M AU - Lapato DM AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Brotman, Melissa A AU - Brotman MA AD - Emotion and Development Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Leibenluft, Ellen AU - Leibenluft E AD - Emotion and Development Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Aggen, Steven H AU - Aggen SH AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Hettema, John M AU - Hettema JM AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - York, Timothy P AU - York TP AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Silberg, Judy L AU - Silberg JL AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. FAU - Roberson-Nay, Roxann AU - Roberson-Nay R AD - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. AD - Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. LA - eng GR - UL1TR000058/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR002649/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 MH020030/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1 TR000058/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States GR - F31 MH111229/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - T32MH020030/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Twin Study DEP - 20190417 PL - England TA - J Child Psychol Psychiatry JT - Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines JID - 0375361 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Adolescent Behavior/physiology MH - *Affective Symptoms/epidemiology/genetics/physiopathology MH - Child MH - *Child Behavior/physiology MH - Female MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Humans MH - *Irritable Mood/physiology MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - *Mood Disorders/epidemiology/genetics/physiopathology MH - Prevalence MH - *Problem Behavior PMC - PMC6692198 MID - NIHMS1018160 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Disruptive behavior OT - emotional dysregulation OT - heritability OT - mood disorder OT - twins COIS- Conflict of interest statement: No conflicts declared. EDAT- 2019/04/18 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/05 06:00 PMCR- 2020/09/01 CRDT- 2019/04/18 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/04/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/04/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1111/jcpp.13062 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;60(9):1032-1041. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13062. Epub 2019 Apr 17.