PMID- 31003492
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190812
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 8
DP  - 2019 Apr 18
TI  - An Investigation on the Application of Pulsed Electrodialysis Reversal in Whey 
      Desalination.
LID - 10.3390/ijms20081918 [doi]
LID - 1918
AB  - Electrodialysis (ED) is frequently used in the desalination of whey. However, the 
      fouling onto the membrane surface decreases the electrodialysis efficiency. 
      Pulsed Electrodialysis Reversal (PER), in which short pulses of reverse polarity 
      are applied, is expected to decrease the fouling onto membrane surface during ED. 
      Three (PER) regimes were applied in the desalination of acid whey (pH </= 5) to 
      study their effects on the membrane fouling and the ED efficiency. The PER 
      regimes were compared to the conventional ED as the control. For each regime, two 
      consecutive runs were performed without any cleaning step in-between to intensify 
      the fouling. After the second run, the membranes were subjected to the Scanning 
      electron microscope (SEM) imaging and contact angle measurement to investigate 
      the fouling on the membrane surface in different regimes. The ED parameters in 
      the case of conventional ED were almost the same in the first and the second 
      runs. However, the parameters related to the ED efficiency including ED capacity, 
      ash transfer, and ED time, were deteriorated when the PER regimes were applied. 
      The contact angle values indicated that the fouling on the diluate side of anion 
      exchange membranes was more intensified in conventional ED compared to the PER 
      regimes. The SEM images also showed that the fouling on the diluate side of both 
      cation and anion exchange membranes under PER regimes was reduced in respect to 
      the conventional ED. However, the back transfer to the diluate compartment when 
      the reverse pulse was applied is dominant and lowers the ED efficiency slightly 
      when the PER is applied.
FAU - Merkel, Arthur
AU  - Merkel A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5153-385X
AD  - MemBrain s. r. o. (Membrane Innovation Center), Pod Vinici 87, 471 27 Straz pod 
      Ralskem, Czech Republic. Arthur.merkel@membrain.cz.
FAU - Ashrafi, Amir M
AU  - Ashrafi AM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1281-4127
AD  - MemBrain s. r. o. (Membrane Innovation Center), Pod Vinici 87, 471 27 Straz pod 
      Ralskem, Czech Republic. Amirmansoor.ashrafi@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
GR  - LO1418/Ministerstvo Skolstvi, Mladeze a Telovychovy/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190418
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Dialysis Solutions)
RN  - 0 (Membranes, Artificial)
RN  - 0 (Salts)
MH  - Dialysis/*methods
MH  - Dialysis Solutions/chemistry
MH  - Electrochemistry
MH  - Membranes, Artificial
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - Salts/*chemistry
MH  - Surface Properties
MH  - Whey/*chemistry
PMC - PMC6515537
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - electrodialysis
OT  - fouling
OT  - pulsed electric field
OT  - pulsed electrodialysis reversal
OT  - whey
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/04/21 06:00
MHDA- 2019/08/14 06:00
PMCR- 2019/04/01
CRDT- 2019/04/21 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/04/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/04/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/04/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/08/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms20081918 [pii]
AID - ijms-20-01918 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms20081918 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Apr 18;20(8):1918. doi: 10.3390/ijms20081918.