PMID- 31012803
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200904
LR  - 20200904
IS  - 1541-1087 (Electronic)
IS  - 0731-5724 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 8
DP  - 2019 Nov-Dec
TI  - The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, 
      Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes 
      Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
PG  - 714-721
LID - 10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745 [doi]
AB  - Objective: To our knowledge, no study has investigated the effects of choline and 
      magnesium co-supplementation on metabolic parameters, inflammation, and 
      endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim 
      of this study was investigation of the effects of the choline and magnesium 
      co-supplementation on metabolic parameters, inflammation, and endothelial 
      dysfunction in patients with T2DM.Methods: A randomized double-blind 
      placebo-controlled parallel clinical trial was carried out among 96 diabetic 
      patients. Ninety-six patients were randomly assigned to either choline, 
      magnesium, choline-magnesium, or placebo for 2 months. Anthropometric 
      measurement; metabolic, inflammatory, and endothelial markers; dietary intake; 
      and physical activity were assessed at baseline and after treatment.Results: 
      There was a significant change in serum magnesium in both magnesium and 
      choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). Also, significant changes were observed in 
      interleukin (IL)-6 levels in magnesium and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). 
      Moreover, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels decreased in choline 
      and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). When adjusted for potential confounders, 
      inflammation and endothelial factors (IL-6 and VCAM-1) decreased significantly in 
      the choline-magnesium group as compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Compared to 
      baseline values there were no significant differences in all anthropometric 
      measurements and metabolic factors among four groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions: 
      Choline and magnesium co-supplementation was more effective in improving 
      inflammation and endothelial dysfunction than supplementation with choline or 
      magnesium alone.
FAU - Rashvand, Samaneh
AU  - Rashvand S
AD  - Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and 
      Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Mobasseri, Majid
AU  - Mobasseri M
AD  - Professor, Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 
      Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Tarighat-Esfanjani, Ali
AU  - Tarighat-Esfanjani A
AD  - Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20190423
PL  - United States
TA  - J Am Coll Nutr
JT  - Journal of the American College of Nutrition
JID - 8215879
RN  - I38ZP9992A (Magnesium)
RN  - N91BDP6H0X (Choline)
SB  - IM
MH  - Choline/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Drug Therapy, Combination
MH  - Endothelium, Vascular/*drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*drug therapy
MH  - Magnesium/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Choline
OT  - diabetes
OT  - endothelial
OT  - inflammation
OT  - magnesium
OT  - supplementation
EDAT- 2019/04/24 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/05 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/24 06:00
PHST- 2019/04/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/24 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Am Coll Nutr. 2019 Nov-Dec;38(8):714-721. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745. 
      Epub 2019 Apr 23.