PMID- 31030954
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190604
LR  - 20190604
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1597
DP  - 2019 Jul 19
TI  - Aerial drone as a carrier for miniaturized air sampling systems.
PG  - 202-208
LID - S0021-9673(19)30363-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.009 [doi]
AB  - The applicability of an aerial drone as a carrier for new passive and active 
      miniaturized air sampling systems, including solid phase microextration Arrow 
      (SPME Arrow) and in-tube extraction (ITEX), was studied in this research. Thermal 
      desorption, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were used for the 
      determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) collected by the sampling 
      systems. The direct comparison of the profiles of VOCs, simultaneously sampled in 
      air by SPME Arrow system including four different coatings, allowed the 
      elucidation of their adsorption selectivity. A more complex experimental design, 
      involving 20 samples (10 flights) and non-supervised pattern recognition 
      techniques, was needed for the clarification of the same sampling parameters in 
      the case of five ITEX sorbent materials. In addition, ITEX sampling accessories, 
      such as particle, water and ozone traps, were evaluated by comparing the results 
      obtained for air samples simultaneously collected by two ITEX systems, packed 
      with the same sorbent and furnished or not with sampling accessories. The effect 
      of the aerial drone horizontal displacement (HD) on the sampling efficiency was 
      clear in the case of SPME Arrow. The number of detected compounds and their 
      relative peak area values (RPA) revealed a clear increase (4 and 43%, 
      respectively) in comparison with samples collected without drone HD. However, 
      just minor differences were observed in the case of ITEX (2 compounds and 9% of 
      the  summation operatorRPA). In addition, the system was able to provide almost simultaneous 
      passive (SPME Arrow) and active (ITEX) samplings at different altitudes (5 and 
      50 m), being a good tool for low cost vertical profiling studies ( summation operatorRPA decreased 
      over 35% for the samples collected at 50 m). Finally, the successful simultaneous 
      air sampling by SPME Arrow and ITEX systems in two difficult access places, such 
      as boreal forest and wetlands, was demonstrated, resulting in 21 and 31 detected 
      compounds in forest and wetlands by SPME Arrow, and 27 and 39 compounds by ITEX.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ruiz-Jimenez, Jose
AU  - Ruiz-Jimenez J
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, 
      P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Zanca, Nicola
AU  - Zanca N
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, 
      P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Lan, Hangzhen
AU  - Lan H
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, 
      P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Jussila, Matti
AU  - Jussila M
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, 
      P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Hartonen, Kari
AU  - Hartonen K
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, 
      P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Riekkola, Marja-Liisa
AU  - Riekkola ML
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, 
      P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: 
      marja-liisa.riekkola@helsinki.fi.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190415
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - Air/*analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*instrumentation/*methods
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Miniaturization
MH  - Solid Phase Microextraction
MH  - Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aerial drone
OT  - Air sampling
OT  - ITEX
OT  - Miniaturized air sampling systems
OT  - SPME Arrow
OT  - Sampler
OT  - Sampling accessories
EDAT- 2019/04/30 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/05 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/30 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/04/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/04/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(19)30363-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2019 Jul 19;1597:202-208. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.009. Epub 
      2019 Apr 15.