PMID- 31034083
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190612
LR  - 20190613
IS  - 1121-7138 (Print)
IS  - 1121-7138 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Streptococcus spp. and Fusobacterium nucleatum in tongue dorsum biofilm from 
      halitosis patients: a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal 
      laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) study.
PG  - 108-113
AB  - The present study involved a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of tongue 
      dorsum biofilms sampled from halitosis patients and healthy volunteers. The aim 
      of the study was to quantify the distribution of Streptococcus spp. and 
      Fusobacterium nucleatum within the oral halitosis biofilm in order to highlight 
      the role of these bacterial members in halitosis. Tongue plaque samples from four 
      halitosis-diagnosed patients and four healthy volunteers were analyzed and 
      compared. The visualization and quantification of the tongue dorsum biofilm was 
      performed combining fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser 
      scanning microscopy (CLSM). Eubacteria, Streptococcus spp. and Fusobacterium 
      nucleatum were stained using specific fluorescent probes. For a comparison of the 
      two tested biofilm groups the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used. Morphological 
      analysis by CLSM illustrated the distribution of the species which were tracked. 
      Streptococcus spp. appeared to be enclosed within the samples and always 
      associated to F. nucleatum. Furthermore, compared to the control group the 
      biofilm within the halitosis group contained significantly higher proportions of 
      F. nucleatum and Streptococcus spp., as revealed by the FISH and CLSM-analysis. 
      The total microbial load and relative proportions of F. nucleatum and 
      Streptococcus spp. can be considered as causative factors of halitosis and thus, 
      as potential treatment targets.
FAU - Bernardi, Sara
AU  - Bernardi S
AD  - Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 
      Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
FAU - Continenza, Maria Adelaide
AU  - Continenza MA
AD  - Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 
      Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
FAU - Al-Ahmad, Ali
AU  - Al-Ahmad A
AD  - Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, 
      Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 
      Hugstetter Strasse, 55, 79106, Freiburg, German.
FAU - Karygianni, Lamprini
AU  - Karygianni L
AD  - Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, 
      Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 
      Hugstetter Strasse, 55, 79106, Freiburg, German.
AD  - Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental 
      Medicine University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Follo, Marie
AU  - Follo M
AD  - Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Core Facility, 
      Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of 
      Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
FAU - Filippi, Andreas
AU  - Filippi A
AD  - Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Radiology and Oral Medicine, Center of Dental 
      Traumatology, University Center of Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Macchiarelli, Guido
AU  - Macchiarelli G
AD  - Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 
      Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190429
PL  - Italy
TA  - New Microbiol
JT  - The new microbiologica
JID - 9516291
SB  - IM
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - *Fusobacterium nucleatum/physiology
MH  - *Halitosis/microbiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - *Streptococcus/physiology
MH  - *Tongue/microbiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Tongue dorsum biofilm
OT  - confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)
OT  - fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
OT  - halitosis
OT  - oral bacteria
EDAT- 2019/04/30 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/14 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/30 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/06/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 496N089 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - New Microbiol. 2019 Apr;42(2):108-113. Epub 2019 Apr 29.