PMID- 31046729 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190715 LR - 20200225 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 1 DP - 2019 May 2 TI - Contribution of thirdhand smoke to overall tobacco smoke exposure in pediatric patients: study protocol. PG - 491 LID - 10.1186/s12889-019-6829-7 [doi] LID - 491 AB - BACKGROUND: Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the persistent residue resulting from secondhand smoke (SHS) that accumulates in dust, objects, and on surfaces in homes where tobacco has been used, and is reemitted into air. Very little is known about the extent to which THS contributes to children's overall tobacco smoke exposure (OTS) levels, defined as their combined THS and SHS exposure. Even less is known about the effect of OTS and THS on children's health. This project will examine how different home smoking behaviors contribute to THS and OTS and if levels of THS are associated with respiratory illnesses in nonsmoking children. METHODS: This project leverages the experimental design from an ongoing pediatric emergency department-based tobacco cessation trial of caregivers who smoke and their children (NIHR01HD083354). At baseline and follow-up, we will collect urine and handwipe samples from children and samples of dust and air from the homes of smokers who smoke indoors, have smoking bans or who have quit smoking. These samples will be analyzed to examine to what extent THS pollution at home contributes to OTS exposure over and above SHS and to what extent THS continues to persist and contribute to OTS in homes of smokers who have quit or have smoking bans. Targeted and nontargeted chemical analyses of home dust samples will explore which types of THS pollutants are present in homes. Electronic medical record review will examine if THS and OTS levels are associated with child respiratory illness. Additionally, a repository of child and environmental samples will be created. DISCUSSION: The results of this study will be crucial to help close gaps in our understanding of the types, quantity, and clinical effects of OTS, THS exposure, and THS pollutants in a unique sample of tobacco smoke-exposed ill children and their homes. The potential impact of these findings is substantial, as currently the level of risk in OTS attributable to THS is unknown. This research has the potential to change how we protect children from OTS, by recognizing that SHS and THS exposure needs to be addressed separately and jointly as sources of pollution and exposure. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02531594 . Date of registration: August 24, 2015. FAU - Mahabee-Gittens, E Melinda AU - Mahabee-Gittens EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3893-885X AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. Melinda.Mahabee-gittens@cchmc.org. AD - University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, CARE/Crawley Building, Suite E-870 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA. Melinda.Mahabee-gittens@cchmc.org. FAU - Matt, Georg E AU - Matt GE AD - Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Hoh, Eunha AU - Hoh E AD - San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Quintana, Penelope J E AU - Quintana PJE AD - San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA. FAU - Stone, Lara AU - Stone L AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Geraci, Maegan A AU - Geraci MA AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Wullenweber, Chase A AU - Wullenweber CA AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Koutsounadis, Gena N AU - Koutsounadis GN AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Ruwe, Abigail G AU - Ruwe AG AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Meyers, Gabriel T AU - Meyers GT AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Zakrajsek, Mark A AU - Zakrajsek MA AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Witry, John K AU - Witry JK AD - Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA. FAU - Merianos, Ashley L AU - Merianos AL AD - School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210002, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221, USA. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02531594 GR - R01 HD083354/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - R01ES027815/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES027815/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 CA184337/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R21CA184337/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01HD083354/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190502 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Dust) RN - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution) SB - IM MH - Air Pollutants/*adverse effects/analysis MH - Air Pollution, Indoor/*adverse effects/analysis MH - Caregivers MH - Child MH - Child Health/*trends MH - Child, Preschool MH - Dust/analysis MH - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Research Design MH - Smoke-Free Policy/*trends MH - Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*adverse effects/analysis PMC - PMC6498613 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Tobacco, Secondhand smoke, Thirdhand smoke, Pediatrics, Emergency department, Urgent care, Smoking cessation COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: The study is approved by the Institutional Review Board at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center protocol numbers 2017-5157, 2015-1914, and 2014-5592. Consents and assents clearly indicate that a Certificate of Confidentiality provides participant protection. All legal guardians/parental participants will sign a written, informed consent form for their own participation and for their child's participation; children over age 11 will sign written assent. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2019/05/03 06:00 MHDA- 2019/07/16 06:00 PMCR- 2019/05/02 CRDT- 2019/05/04 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/05/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/05/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/07/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-019-6829-7 [pii] AID - 6829 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-019-6829-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2019 May 2;19(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6829-7.