PMID- 31063702 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200601 LR - 20240214 IS - 1530-6860 (Electronic) IS - 0892-6638 (Print) IS - 0892-6638 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 8 DP - 2019 Aug TI - Cytochrome c oxidase dysfunction enhances phagocytic function and osteoclast formation in macrophages. PG - 9167-9181 LID - 10.1096/fj.201900010RR [doi] AB - The mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde signaling (MtRS) pathway aids in cellular adaptation to stress. We earlier reported that the Ca(2+)- and calcineurin-dependent MtRS induces macrophage differentiation to bone-resorbing osteoclasts. However, mechanisms through which macrophages sense and respond to cellular stress remain unclear. Here, we induced mitochondrial stress in macrophages by knockdown (KD) of subunits IVi1 or Vb of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). Whereas both IVi1 and Vb KD impair CcO activity, IVi1 KD cells produced higher levels of cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species with increased glycolysis. Additionally, IVi1 KD induced the activation of MtRS factors NF-kappaB, NFAT2, and C/EBPdelta as well as inflammatory cytokines, NOS 2, increased phagocytic activity, and a greater osteoclast differentiation potential at suboptimal RANK-L concentrations. The osteoclastogenesis in IVi1 KD cells was reversed fully with an IL-6 inhibitor LMT-28, whereas there was minimal rescue of the enhanced phagocytosis in these cells. In agreement with our findings in cultured macrophages, primary bone marrow-derived macrophages from MPV17(-/-) mice, a model for mitochondrial dysfunction, also showed higher propensity for osteoclast formation. This is the first report showing that CcO dysfunction affects inflammatory pathways, phagocytic function, and osteoclastogenesis.-Angireddy, R., Kazmi, H. R., Srinivasan, S., Sun, L., Iqbal, J., Fuchs, S. Y., Guha, M., Kijima, T., Yuen, T., Zaidi, M., Avadhani, N. G. Cytochrome c oxidase dysfunction enhances phagocytic function and osteoclast formation in macrophages. FAU - Angireddy, Rajesh AU - Angireddy R AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Kazmi, Hasan Raza AU - Kazmi HR AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Srinivasan, Satish AU - Srinivasan S AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Sun, Li AU - Sun L AD - The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Iqbal, Jameel AU - Iqbal J AD - The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Fuchs, Serge Y AU - Fuchs SY AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Guha, Manti AU - Guha M AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Kijima, Takashi AU - Kijima T AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Yuen, Tony AU - Yuen T AD - The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Zaidi, Mone AU - Zaidi M AD - The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Avadhani, Narayan G AU - Avadhani NG AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. LA - eng GR - P01 CA165997/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA092900/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK113627/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190507 PL - United States TA - FASEB J JT - FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology JID - 8804484 RN - 0 (Membrane Proteins) RN - 0 (Mpv17 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (RNA, Small Interfering) RN - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species) RN - EC 1.9.3.1 (Electron Transport Complex IV) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cell Differentiation MH - Electron Transport Complex IV/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism MH - Gene Knockdown Techniques MH - Macrophages/classification/*cytology/*physiology MH - Membrane Proteins/deficiency/genetics MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Mice, Knockout MH - Mitochondria/metabolism MH - Osteoclasts/*cytology/*physiology MH - Osteogenesis MH - Phagocytosis/*physiology MH - RAW 264.7 Cells MH - RNA, Small Interfering/genetics MH - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism MH - Signal Transduction MH - Stress, Physiological PMC - PMC6662975 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Subunit IVi1 OT - inflammatory cytokines OT - reactive oxygen species OT - respiratory changes OT - retrograde signaling COIS- The authors acknowledge the technical help of Maura Sheehan and Liam Piscetelli (Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA). The authors acknowledge Dr. Pavan from Dr. Anna Kashina's laboratory for helping with live cell imaging (both from Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania). The authors also acknowledge the help of Dr. Gordon Ruthel (Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania) and the PENN Vet imaging core (University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine) in confocal imaging. This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institutes of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Grants R01AR06066 (to M.Z. and N.G.A) and R01AR6592 (to M.Z.), NIH National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Grant R01DK113627 (to M.Z.), as well as the Harrington Discovery Institute. N.G.A. also acknowledges an endowment from the Harriet Ellison Woodward foundation. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2019/05/08 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/02 06:00 PMCR- 2020/05/07 CRDT- 2019/05/08 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/05/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - FJ_201900010RR [pii] AID - 10.1096/fj.201900010RR [doi] PST - ppublish SO - FASEB J. 2019 Aug;33(8):9167-9181. doi: 10.1096/fj.201900010RR. Epub 2019 May 7.