PMID- 31077815
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200918
LR  - 20200918
IS  - 1937-5913 (Electronic)
IS  - 1542-0124 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 3
DP  - 2019 Jul
TI  - Dry eye disease: A longitudinal study among pregnant women in Enugu, south east, 
      Nigeria.
PG  - 458-463
LID - S1542-0124(18)30259-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.05.001 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the course and prevalence 
      of dry eye disease (DED) across different trimesters among pregnant women in 
      Enugu, South East, Nigeria. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study design was 
      used. Pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the University of Nigeria 
      Teaching Hospital, Enugu, were consecutively recruited in their second trimester 
      for the study. DED was assessed subjectively using the Ocular Surface Disease 
      Index (OSDI) and objectively using Tear Break-up Time (TBUT) and Schirmer's test. 
      These tests were performed during the second and third trimesters and six weeks 
      post-partum. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 
      version 20 and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare 
      the means of the different parameters. RESULTS: A total of 134 pregnant women 
      participated in the study. The mean age of the women was 30.8 (+/-5.5) years. There 
      were significant decreases (p < 0.05) in TBUT and Schirmer's values in the third 
      trimester compared to the second trimester and the post-partum period. The 
      highest score on the OSDI (18.6 +/- 6.8) was obtained in the third trimester. The 
      presence of DED was determined using cut-offs for TBUT <10 s or Schirmer's test 
      <10 mm and the OSDI >/=13. Both symptoms of OSDI and prevalence of DED increased 
      significantly (p < 0.05) from the second to the third trimester but returned to 
      their lowest values 6 weeks post-partum. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DED was 
      highest in the third trimester and lowest 6 weeks post-partum.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Nkiru Z, Nwachukwu
AU  - Nkiru Z N
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, 
      Nigeria. Electronic address: Zuadae80@yahoo.com.
FAU - Stella, Onwubiko
AU  - Stella O
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, 
      Nigeria.
FAU - Udeh, Nnemma
AU  - Udeh N
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, 
      Nigeria.
FAU - Polycarp U, Agu
AU  - Polycarp U A
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria Teaching 
      Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.
FAU - Daniel C, Nwachukwu
AU  - Daniel C N
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu 
      Campus, Nigeria.
FAU - Ifeoma R, Eegwui
AU  - Ifeoma R E
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, 
      Nigeria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190509
PL  - United States
TA  - Ocul Surf
JT  - The ocular surface
JID - 101156063
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Dry Eye Syndromes/*epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nigeria/epidemiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Dry eye disease
OT  - OSDI
OT  - Pregnancy
OT  - Schirmer's test
OT  - TBUT
EDAT- 2019/05/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/20 06:00
CRDT- 2019/05/12 06:00
PHST- 2018/08/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/05/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/05/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/05/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1542-0124(18)30259-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.05.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ocul Surf. 2019 Jul;17(3):458-463. doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 May 
      9.