PMID- 31098832 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191210 LR - 20210109 IS - 1439-6327 (Electronic) IS - 1439-6319 (Linking) VI - 119 IP - 8 DP - 2019 Aug TI - The ergogenic potency of carbohydrate mouth rinse on endurance running performance of dehydrated athletes. PG - 1711-1723 LID - 10.1007/s00421-019-04161-2 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To examine the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinsing on endurance running responses and performance in dehydrated individuals. METHODS: In a double blind, randomised crossover design, 12 well-trained male runners completed 4 running time to exhaustion (TTE) trials at a speed equivalent to 70% of VO(2peak) in a thermoneutral condition. Throughout each run, participants mouth rinsed and expectorated every 15 min either 25 mL of 6% CHO or a placebo (PLA) solution for 10 s. The four TTEs consisted of two trials in the euhydrated (EU-CHO and EU-PLA) and two trials in the dehydrated (DY-CHO and DY-PLA) state. Prior to each TTE run, participants were dehydrated via exercise and allowed a passive rest period during which they were fed and either rehydrated equivalent to their body mass deficit (i.e., EU trials) or ingested only 50 mL of water (DY trials). RESULTS: CHO mouth rinsing significantly improved TTE performance in the DY compared to the EU trials (78.2 +/- 4.3 vs. 76.9 +/- 3.8 min, P = 0.02). The arousal level of the runners was significantly higher in the DY compared to the EU trials (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference among trials in heart rate, plasma glucose and lactate, and psychological measures. CONCLUSIONS: CHO mouth rinsing enhanced running performance significantly more when participants were dehydrated vs. euhydrated due to the greater sensitivity of oral receptors related to thirst and central mediated activation. These results show that level of dehydration alters the effect of brain perception with presence of CHO. FAU - Kamaruddin, Harris Kamal AU - Kamaruddin HK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6964-0688 AD - Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia. AD - Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia. FAU - Ooi, Cheong Hwa AU - Ooi CH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7013-267X AD - Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia. FAU - Mundel, Toby AU - Mundel T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4214-8543 AD - School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. FAU - Aziz, Abdul Rashid AU - Aziz AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7727-7484 AD - Sports Science and Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Che Muhamed, Ahmad Munir AU - Che Muhamed AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0254-6838 AD - Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia. ahmadmunir@usm.my. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20190516 PL - Germany TA - Eur J Appl Physiol JT - European journal of applied physiology JID - 100954790 RN - 0 (Carbohydrates) RN - 0 (Mouthwashes) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Anaerobic Threshold MH - Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use MH - Dehydration/*drug therapy/prevention & control MH - *Exercise Tolerance MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mouthwashes/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use MH - Organism Hydration Status MH - *Running OTO - NOTNLM OT - Exercise OT - Hypohydration OT - Oral sensing OT - Treadmill EDAT- 2019/05/18 06:00 MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00 CRDT- 2019/05/18 06:00 PHST- 2018/10/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/05/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/05/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/05/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00421-019-04161-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00421-019-04161-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019 Aug;119(8):1711-1723. doi: 10.1007/s00421-019-04161-2. Epub 2019 May 16.