PMID- 31100870
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200106
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 5
DP  - 2019 May 16
TI  - Natural Isotope Abundances of Carbon and Nitrogen in Tissue Proteins and Amino 
      Acids as Biomarkers of the Decreased Carbohydrate Oxidation and Increased Amino 
      Acid Oxidation Induced by Caloric Restriction under a Maintained Protein Intake 
      in Obese Rats.
LID - 10.3390/nu11051087 [doi]
LID - 1087
AB  - A growing body of evidence supports a role for tissue-to-diet (15)N and (13)C 
      discrimination factors (Delta(15)N and Delta(13)C), as biomarkers of metabolic 
      adaptations to nutritional stress, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly 
      understood. In obese rats fed ad libitum or subjected to gradual caloric 
      restriction (CR), under a maintained protein intake, we measured Delta(15)N and 
      Delta(13)C levels in tissue proteins and their constitutive amino acids (AA) and the 
      expression of enzymes involved in the AA metabolism. CR was found to lower 
      protein mass in the intestine, liver, heart and, to a lesser extent, some 
      skeletal muscles. This was accompanied by Delta(15)N increases in urine and the 
      protein of the liver and plasma, but Delta(15)N decreases in the proteins of the 
      heart and the skeletal muscles, alongside Delta(13)C decreases in all tissue 
      proteins. In Lys, Delta(15)N levels rose in the plasma, intestine, and some muscles, 
      but fell in the heart, while in Ala, and to a lesser extent Glx and Asx, Delta(13)C 
      levels fell in all these tissues. In the liver, CR was associated with an 
      increase in the expression of genes involved in AA oxidation. During CR, the 
      parallel rises of Delta(15)N in urine, liver, and plasma proteins reflected an 
      increased AA catabolism occurring at the level of the liver metabolic branch 
      point, while Delta(15)N decreases in cardiac and skeletal muscle proteins indicated 
      increased protein and AA catabolism in these tissues. Thus, an increased protein 
      and AA catabolism results in opposite Delta(15)N effects in splanchnic and muscular 
      tissues. In addition, the Delta(13)C decrease in all tissue proteins, reflects a 
      reduction in carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation and routing towards non-indispensable 
      AA, to achieve fuel economy.
FAU - Huneau, Jean-Francois
AU  - Huneau JF
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7336-2617
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      jean-francois.huneau@agroparistech.fr.
FAU - Mantha, Olivier L
AU  - Mantha OL
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      olmantha@gmail.com.
FAU - Hermier, Dominique
AU  - Hermier D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8676-6960
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      dominique.hermier@agroparistech.fr.
FAU - Mathe, Veronique
AU  - Mathe V
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      veronique.mathe@agroparistech.fr.
FAU - Galmiche, Guillaume
AU  - Galmiche G
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      ggalmiche@gmail.com.
FAU - Mariotti, Francois
AU  - Mariotti F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4516-3853
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      francois.mariotti@agroparistech.fr.
FAU - Fouillet, Helene
AU  - Fouillet H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3932-251X
AD  - UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universite Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France. 
      helene.fouillet@agroparistech.fr.
LA  - eng
GR  - 910P1A/Terres Univia/
GR  - 3-14-02/Groupe Lipides Nutrition/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190516
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Carbon Isotopes)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Nitrogen Isotopes)
RN  - 0 (Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acids/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Animal Feed
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - *Caloric Restriction
MH  - Carbohydrate Metabolism
MH  - *Carbon Isotopes
MH  - Diet/veterinary
MH  - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Nitrogen Isotopes
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Random Allocation
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
PMC - PMC6567081
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 13C and 15N natural isotope abundance
OT  - amino acid oxidation
OT  - caloric restriction
OT  - dietary nutrient routing
OT  - obesity
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/05/19 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/07 06:00
PMCR- 2019/05/01
CRDT- 2019/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/05/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/05/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/05/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu11051087 [pii]
AID - nutrients-11-01087 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu11051087 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2019 May 16;11(5):1087. doi: 10.3390/nu11051087.