PMID- 31103799
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200116
LR  - 20200116
IS  - 1873-4367 (Electronic)
IS  - 0927-7765 (Linking)
VI  - 181
DP  - 2019 Sep 1
TI  - Graphene oxide exhibits differential mechanistic action towards Gram-positive and 
      Gram-negative bacteria.
PG  - 6-15
LID - S0927-7765(19)30331-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.023 [doi]
AB  - The antibacterial nature of graphene oxide (GO) has stimulated wide interest in 
      the medical field. Although the antibacterial activity of GO towards bacteria has 
      been well studied, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of GO is 
      still lacking. The objective of the study was to elucidate the difference in the 
      interactions of GO towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The 
      synthesized GO was characterized by Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), 
      Raman and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 
      (ATR-FTIR). Viability, time-kill and Lactose Dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays 
      were carried out along with FESEM, TEM and ATR-FTIR analysis of GO treated 
      bacterial cells. Characterizations of synthesized GO confirmed the transition of 
      graphene to GO and the antibacterial activity of GO was concentration and 
      time-dependent. Loss of membrane integrity in bacteria was enhanced with 
      increasing GO concentrations and this corresponded to the elevated release of LDH 
      in the reaction medium. Surface morphology of GO treated bacterial culture showed 
      apparent differences in the mechanism of action of GO towards Gram-positive and 
      Gram-negative bacteria where cell entrapment was mainly observed for 
      Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis whereas membrane 
      disruption due to physical contact was noted for Gram-negative Escherichia coli 
      and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ATR-FTIR characterizations of the GO treated 
      bacterial cells showed changes in the fatty acids, amide I and amide II of 
      proteins, peptides and amino acid regions compared to untreated bacterial cells. 
      Therefore, the data generated further enhance our understanding of the 
      antibacterial activity of GO towards bacteria.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Pulingam, Thiruchelvi
AU  - Pulingam T
AD  - Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced 
      Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Thong, Kwai Lin
AU  - Thong KL
AD  - Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 
      Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Ali, Md Eaqub
AU  - Ali ME
AD  - Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced 
      Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Appaturi, Jimmy Nelson
AU  - Appaturi JN
AD  - Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced 
      Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Dinshaw, Ignatius Julian
AU  - Dinshaw IJ
AD  - Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced 
      Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Ong, Zhan Yuin
AU  - Ong ZY
AD  - School of Physics and Astronomy and Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical 
      Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
FAU - Leo, Bey Fen
AU  - Leo BF
AD  - Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced 
      Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine, 
      University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: 
      beyfenleo@um.edu.my.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190511
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
JT  - Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
JID - 9315133
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (graphene oxide)
RN  - 7782-42-5 (Graphite)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Gram-Negative Bacteria/cytology/*drug effects
MH  - Gram-Positive Bacteria/cytology/*drug effects
MH  - Graphite/chemical synthesis/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Microbial Sensitivity Tests
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Structure-Activity Relationship
MH  - Surface Properties
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antibacterial activity
OT  - Graphene oxide
OT  - Mechanical wrapping
OT  - Mechanism of action
OT  - Membrane damage
EDAT- 2019/05/20 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/17 06:00
CRDT- 2019/05/20 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/04/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/05/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/05/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/05/20 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0927-7765(19)30331-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019 Sep 1;181:6-15. doi: 
      10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.023. Epub 2019 May 11.