PMID- 31129605 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200611 LR - 20231011 IS - 2044-6055 (Electronic) IS - 2044-6055 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 5 DP - 2019 May 24 TI - Creation of a database to assess effects of omega-3, omega-6 and total polyunsaturated fats on health: methodology for a set of systematic reviews. PG - e029554 LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029554 [doi] LID - e029554 AB - OBJECTIVE: To create a database of long-term randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing higher with lower omega-3, omega-6 or total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), regardless of reported outcomes, and to develop methods to assess effects of increasing omega-6, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), long-chain omega-3 (LCn3) and total PUFA on health outcomes. DESIGN: Systematic review search, methodology and meta-analyses. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Clinicaltrials.gov and trials in relevant systematic reviews. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: RCTs of >/=24 weeks' duration assessing effects of increasing ALA, LCn3, omega-6 or total PUFAs, regardless of outcomes reported. DATA SYNTHESIS: Methods included random-effects meta-analyses and sensitivity analyses. Funnel plots were examined, and subgrouping assessed effects of intervention type, replacement, baseline diabetes risk and use of diabetic medications, trial duration and dose. Quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). RESULTS: Electronic searches generated 37 810 hits, de-duplicated to 19 772 titles and abstracts. We assessed 2155 full-text papers, conference abstracts and trials registry entries independently in duplicate. Included studies were grouped into 363 RCTs comparing higher with lower omega-3, omega-6 and/or total PUFA intake of at least 6 months' duration-the Database.Of these 363 included RCTs, 216 RCTs were included in at least one of our reviews of health outcomes, data extracted and risk of bias assessed in duplicate. Ninety five RCTs were included in the Database but not included in our current reviews. Of these 311 completed trials, 27 altered ALA intake, 221 altered LCn3 intake and 16 trials altered omega-3 intake without specifying whether ALA or LCn3. Forty one trials altered omega-6 and 59 total PUFA.The remaining 52 trials are ongoing though 13 (25%) appear to be outstanding, or constitute missing data. CONCLUSIONS: This extensive database of trials is available to allow assessment of further health outcomes. CI - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. FAU - Hooper, Lee AU - Hooper L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7904-3331 AD - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. FAU - Abdelhamid, Asmaa AU - Abdelhamid A AD - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. FAU - Brainard, Julii AU - Brainard J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5272-7995 AD - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. FAU - Deane, Katherine H O AU - Deane KHO AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0805-2708 AD - School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. FAU - Song, Fujian AU - Song F AD - Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. CN - PUFAH group LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20190524 PL - England TA - BMJ Open JT - BMJ open JID - 101552874 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-6) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Unsaturated) SB - IM MH - Chronic Disease/*prevention & control MH - Databases, Factual/*statistics & numerical data MH - Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*pharmacology MH - Fatty Acids, Omega-6/*pharmacology MH - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/*pharmacology MH - *Health Behavior MH - Humans MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic PMC - PMC6537970 OTO - NOTNLM OT - database of trials OT - fatty acids, omega-3 OT - fatty acids, omega-6 OT - fatty acids, unsaturated OT - meta-analysis as topic OT - systematic review methodology COIS- Competing interests: All authors had financial support via the University of East Anglia from the WHO for the submitted work; LH and AA were funded to attend WHO meetings and present review results. FIR - Abdelhamid, Asmaa IR - Abdelhamid A FIR - Ajabnoor, Sarah IR - Ajabnoor S FIR - Alabdulghafoor, Faye IR - Alabdulghafoor F FIR - Alkhudairy, Lena IR - Alkhudairy L FIR - Biswas, Priti IR - Biswas P FIR - Brainard, Julii IR - Brainard J FIR - Bridges, Charlene IR - Bridges C FIR - Brown, Tracey J IR - Brown TJ FIR - Deane, Katherine IR - Deane K FIR - Donaldson, Daisy IR - Donaldson D FIR - Hanson, Sarah IR - Hanson S FIR - Hooper, Lee IR - Hooper L FIR - Jimoh, Oluseyi Florence IR - Jimoh OF FIR - Martin, Nicole IR - Martin N FIR - O'brien, Alex IR - O'brien A FIR - Rees, Karen IR - Rees K FIR - Song, Fujian IR - Song F FIR - Thorpe, Gabrielle IR - Thorpe G FIR - Wang, Xia IR - Wang X FIR - Winstanley, Lauren IR - Winstanley L EDAT- 2019/05/28 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/12 06:00 PMCR- 2019/05/24 CRDT- 2019/05/27 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/05/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/05/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bmjopen-2019-029554 [pii] AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029554 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMJ Open. 2019 May 24;9(5):e029554. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029554.