PMID- 31161074 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220408 IS - 2162-3619 (Print) IS - 2162-3619 (Electronic) IS - 2162-3619 (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2019 TI - Novel GTF2I-PDGFRB and IKZF1-TYW1 fusions in pediatric leukemia with normal karyotype. PG - 12 LID - 10.1186/s40164-019-0136-y [doi] LID - 12 AB - BACKGROUND: Many cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) carry visible acquired chromosomal changes of pathogenetic, diagnostic, and prognostic importance. Nevertheless, from one-fourth to half of newly diagnosed ALL patients have no visible chromosomal changes detectable by G-banding analysis at diagnosis. The introduction of powerful molecular methodologies has shown that many karyotypically normal ALLs carry clinically important submicroscopic aberrations. CASE PRESENTATION: We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), RNA sequencing, reverse transcription (RT) and genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as Sanger sequencing to investigate a case of pediatric ALL with a normal karyotype. FISH with a commercial PDGFRB breakapart probe showed loss of the distal part of the probe suggesting a breakpoint within the PDGFRB locus. aCGH revealed submicroscopic deletions in chromosome bands 5q32q35.3 (about 30 Mb long, starting within PDGFRB and finishing in the CANX locus), 7q34 (within TCRB), 9p13 (PAX5), 10q26.13 (DMBT1), 14q11.2 (TRAC), and 14q32.33 (within the IGH locus). RNA sequencing detected an in-frame GTF2I-PDGFRB and an out-of-frame IKZF1-TYW1 fusion transcript. Both fusion transcripts were verified by RT-PCR together with Sanger sequencing and interphase FISH. The GTF2I-PDGFRB fusion was also verified by genomic PCR and FISH. The corresponding GTF2I-PDGFRB fusion protein would consist of almost the entire GTF2I and that part of PDGFRB which harbors the catalytic domain of the tyrosine kinase. It would therefore seem to lead to abnormal tyrosine kinase activity in a manner similar to what has been seen for other PDGFRB fusion proteins. CONCLUSIONS: The examined pediatric leukemia is a Ph-like ALL which carries novel GTF2I-PDGFRB and IKZF1-TYW1 fusion genes together with additional submicroscopic deletions. Because hematologic neoplasms with PDGFRB-fusion genes can be treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the detection of such novel fusions may be clinically important. Since the GTF2I-PDGFRB could be detected only after molecular studies of the leukemic cells, further investigations of ALL-cases, perhaps especially but not exclusively with a normal karyotype, are needed in order to determine the frequency of GTF2I-PDGFRB in leukemia, and also to find out which clinical impact the fusion may have. FAU - Panagopoulos, Ioannis AU - Panagopoulos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2159-5341 AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Brunetti, Marta AU - Brunetti M AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Stoltenberg, Margrethe AU - Stoltenberg M AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Strandabo, Ronnaug A U AU - Strandabo RAU AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Staurseth, Julie AU - Staurseth J AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Andersen, Kristin AU - Andersen K AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Kostolomov, Ilya AU - Kostolomov I AD - 2Section for Applied Informatics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Hveem, Tarjei S AU - Hveem TS AD - 2Section for Applied Informatics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Lorenz, Susanne AU - Lorenz S AD - 3Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Nystad, Tove Anita AU - Nystad TA AD - 4Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North-Norway, 9038 Tromso, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 4689 5540. GRID: grid.412244.5 FAU - Flaegstad, Trond AU - Flaegstad T AD - 4Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North-Norway, 9038 Tromso, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 4689 5540. GRID: grid.412244.5 AD - 5Pediatric Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, The Arctic University of Norway-UiT, 9037 Tromso, Norway. ISNI: 0000000122595234. GRID: grid.10919.30 FAU - Micci, Francesca AU - Micci F AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 FAU - Heim, Sverre AU - Heim S AD - 1Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Nydalen, PO Box 49534, 0424 Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 0389 8485. GRID: grid.55325.34 AD - 6Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 8921. GRID: grid.5510.1 LA - eng PT - Case Reports DEP - 20190529 PL - England TA - Exp Hematol Oncol JT - Experimental hematology & oncology JID - 101590676 PMC - PMC6542082 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Array comparative genomic hybridization OT - Fluorescence in situ hybridization OT - Fusion genes OT - GTF2I-PDGFRB OT - IKZF1-TYW1 OT - Normal karyotype OT - Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia OT - RNA sequencing OT - Submicroscopic deletions COIS- Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2019/06/05 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/05 06:01 PMCR- 2019/05/29 CRDT- 2019/06/05 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/05/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/06/05 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/06/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/05 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2019/05/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 136 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s40164-019-0136-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Exp Hematol Oncol. 2019 May 29;8:12. doi: 10.1186/s40164-019-0136-y. eCollection 2019.