PMID- 31172838
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200302
LR  - 20200302
IS  - 1744-7593 (Electronic)
IS  - 1742-5247 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 7
DP  - 2019 Jul
TI  - Lipid-based carriers for the delivery of local anesthetics.
PG  - 701-714
LID - 10.1080/17425247.2019.1629415 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: There is a clinical need for pharmaceutical dosage forms devised to 
      prolong the acting time of local anesthetic (LA) agents or to reduce their 
      toxicity. Encapsulation of LA in drug delivery systems (DDSs) can provide 
      long-term anesthesia for inpatients (e.g. in immediate postsurgical pain control, 
      avoiding the side effects from systemic analgesia) and diminished systemic 
      toxicity for outpatients (in ambulatory/dentistry procedures). The lipid-based 
      formulations described here, such as liposomes, microemulsions, and lipid 
      nanoparticles, have provided several nanotechnological advances and therapeutic 
      alternatives despite some inherent limitations associated with the fabrication 
      processes, costs, and preclinical evaluation models. AREAS COVERED: A description 
      of the currently promising lipid-based carriers, including liposomes, 
      microemulsions, and nanostructured lipid carriers, followed by a systematic 
      review of the existing lipid-based formulations proposed for LA. Trends in the 
      research of these LA-in-DDS are then exposed, from the point of view of 
      administration route and alternatives for non-traditionally administered LA 
      molecules. EXPERT OPINION: Considering the current state and potential future 
      developments in the field, we discuss the reasons for why dozens of formulations 
      published every year fail to reach clinical trials; only one lipid-based 
      formulation for the delivery of local anesthetic (Exparel(R)) has been approved so 
      far.
FAU - de Araujo, Daniele Ribeiro
AU  - de Araujo DR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9289-4229
AD  - a Human and Natural Sciences Centre , Federal University of ABC , Sao Paulo , 
      Brazil.
FAU - Ribeiro, Ligia Nunes de Morais
AU  - Ribeiro LNM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6097-5449
AD  - b Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology , Institute of Biology, 
      University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas, Sao Paulo , Brazil.
FAU - de Paula, Eneida
AU  - de Paula E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4504-5723
AD  - b Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology , Institute of Biology, 
      University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas, Sao Paulo , Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190620
PL  - England
TA  - Expert Opin Drug Deliv
JT  - Expert opinion on drug delivery
JID - 101228421
RN  - 0 (Anesthetics, Local)
RN  - 0 (Drug Carriers)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Liposomes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anesthesia, Local/methods
MH  - Anesthetics, Local/*administration & dosage
MH  - Animals
MH  - Drug Carriers/chemistry
MH  - *Drug Delivery Systems
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lipids/*chemistry
MH  - Liposomes
MH  - Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
MH  - Nanostructures
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Local anesthetics
OT  - drug-delivery systems
OT  - liposomes
OT  - microemulsions
OT  - nanostructured lipid carriers
OT  - routes of administration
OT  - solid lipid nanoparticles
EDAT- 2019/06/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/03 06:00
CRDT- 2019/06/08 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/06/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/17425247.2019.1629415 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2019 Jul;16(7):701-714. doi: 
      10.1080/17425247.2019.1629415. Epub 2019 Jun 20.