PMID- 31173445
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200515
LR  - 20200515
IS  - 1399-5448 (Electronic)
IS  - 1399-543X (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 6
DP  - 2019 Sep
TI  - Maternal microchimerism in cord blood and risk of childhood-onset type 1 
      diabetes.
PG  - 728-735
LID - 10.1111/pedi.12875 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Maternal microchimerism (MMc), the transmission of small quantities 
      of maternal cells to the fetus, is relatively common and persistent. MMc has been 
      detected with increased frequency in the circulation and pancreas of type 1 
      diabetes (T1D) patients. We investigated for the first time whether MMc levels at 
      birth predict future T1D risk. We also tested whether cord blood MMc predicted 
      MMc in samples taken at T1D diagnosis. METHODS: Participants in the Norwegian 
      Mother and Child Cohort study were human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II typed 
      to determine non-inherited, non-shared maternal alleles (NIMA). Droplet digital 
      (dd) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays specific for common HLA class II NIMA 
      (HLADQB1*03:01, *04:02, and *06:02/03) were developed and validated. MMc was 
      estimated as maternal DNA quantity in the fetal circulation, by NIMA specific 
      ddPCR, measured in cord blood DNA from 71 children who later developed T1D and 
      126 controls within the cohort. RESULTS: We found detectable quantities of MMc in 
      34/71 future T1D cases (48%) and 53/126 controls (42%) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 
      1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-2.36), and no significant difference in 
      ranks of MMc quantities between cases and controls (Mann-Whitney P = .46). There 
      was a possible association in the NIMA HLA-DQB1*03:01 subgroup with later T1D 
      (aOR 3.89, 95%CI 1.05-14.4). MMc in cord blood was not significantly associated 
      with MMc at T1D diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings did not support the 
      hypothesis that the degree of MMc in cord blood predict T1D risk. The potential 
      subgroup association with T1D risk should be replicated in a larger cohort.
CI  - (c) 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Tapia, German
AU  - Tapia G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1770-1183
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Mortimer, Georgina
AU  - Mortimer G
AD  - Diabetes and Metabolism, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, 
      UK.
FAU - Ye, Jody
AU  - Ye J
AD  - Diabetes and Metabolism, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, 
      UK.
FAU - Gillard, Benjamin T
AU  - Gillard BT
AD  - Diabetes and Metabolism, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, 
      UK.
FAU - Chipper-Keating, Saranna
AU  - Chipper-Keating S
AD  - Diabetes and Metabolism, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, 
      UK.
FAU - Marild, Karl
AU  - Marild K
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Viken, Marte K
AU  - Viken MK
AD  - Department of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Lie, Benedicte A
AU  - Lie BA
AD  - Department of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
AD  - Department of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Joner, Geir
AU  - Joner G
AD  - Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 
      Norway.
AD  - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Skrivarhaug, Torild
AU  - Skrivarhaug T
AD  - Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 
      Norway.
AD  - Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Njolstad, Pal R
AU  - Njolstad PR
AD  - Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 
      Bergen, Norway.
AD  - KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, 
      University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
FAU - Stordal, Ketil
AU  - Stordal K
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
AD  - Pediatric Department, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Gralum, Norway.
FAU - Gillespie, Kathleen M
AU  - Gillespie KM
AD  - Diabetes and Metabolism, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, 
      UK.
FAU - Stene, Lars C
AU  - Stene LC
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
LA  - eng
GR  - N01-ES-75558/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UO1 NS 047537-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UO1 NS 047537-06A1/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ERC_/European Research Council/International
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190619
PL  - Denmark
TA  - Pediatr Diabetes
JT  - Pediatric diabetes
JID - 100939345
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age of Onset
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - *Chimerism
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Blood/*cytology/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Gene Frequency
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - HLA Antigens/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HLA
OT  - childhood
OT  - microchimerism
OT  - pregnancy
OT  - type 1 diabetes
EDAT- 2019/06/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/05/16 06:00
CRDT- 2019/06/08 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/04/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/05/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/06/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/05/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/06/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/pedi.12875 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Diabetes. 2019 Sep;20(6):728-735. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12875. Epub 2019 Jun 
      19.