PMID- 31200132 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190918 LR - 20190918 IS - 1879-1298 (Electronic) IS - 0045-6535 (Linking) VI - 233 DP - 2019 Oct TI - Simultaneous biomonitoring of 15 organophosphate flame retardants metabolites in urine samples by solvent induced phase transition extraction coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PG - 724-732 LID - S0045-6535(19)31163-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.242 [doi] AB - Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers (OPFRs) are widely additives in consumer products and building materials. They are frequently detected in environmental media, including indoor air, water, soil, and dust. To provide a low-cost and multi-target tool for monitoring individual exposure to OPFRs, a high-throughput method for simultaneous detection of 15 urinary OFPR metabolites was established using solvent induced phase transition extraction (SIPTE) technique for sample pretreatment and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for target quantification. SIPTE is implemented by adding a hydrophobic solvent (methyl tert-butyl ether, used as the phase transition solution) to the homogeneous acetonitrile (ACN) aqueous solution for phase separation. Method performance was validated based on the evaluation indicators. The linear range of this present method was between 0.1 and 50 ng/mL for 15 urinary OPFR metabolites. The limits of detection (LODs) were from 0.012 to 0.25 ng/mL, and the spiked recoveries ranged of 71.3-117.6%, with corresponding relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 4.8 to 25.6%. Unlike most studies only focused on the determination of dialkyl and diaryl phosphate esters (DAPs), our analytical method also covered hydroxylated OPFRs metabolites (OH-OPFRs). Seven DAPs with detection frequencies (DF) more than 60% were detected in a small pilot study (n = 15). Besides, 4-hydroxy diphenyl phosphate (4-HO-DPHP) could be also detected in urine samples. Overall, this newly developed high-throughput analytical method could simultaneously determine 15 urinary OPFRs metabolites and screen these biomarkers of human exposure to OPFRs. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Hu, Liqin AU - Hu L AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Tao, Yun AU - Tao Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Hospital Management Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, PR China. FAU - Luo, Dan AU - Luo D AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Feng, Jingwen AU - Feng J AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Wang, Limei AU - Wang L AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Yu, Meng AU - Yu M AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Li, Yaping AU - Li Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. FAU - Covaci, Adrian AU - Covaci A AD - Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium. Electronic address: adrian.covaci@uantwerpen.be. FAU - Mei, Surong AU - Mei S AD - State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: surongmei@hust.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190605 PL - England TA - Chemosphere JT - Chemosphere JID - 0320657 RN - 0 (Acetonitriles) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Dust) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Flame Retardants) RN - 0 (Organophosphates) RN - 0 (Plasticizers) RN - 0 (Solvents) RN - Z072SB282N (acetonitrile) SB - IM MH - Acetonitriles MH - Biomarkers MH - Chromatography, Liquid/methods MH - Dust/analysis MH - *Environmental Monitoring MH - Environmental Pollutants/*urine MH - Flame Retardants/analysis/*metabolism MH - Humans MH - Limit of Detection MH - Organophosphates/analysis/*urine MH - Pilot Projects MH - Plasticizers/analysis MH - Research Design MH - Solvents/analysis MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomonitoring OT - Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry OT - Metabolites OT - Organophosphate flame retardants OT - Solvent induced phase transition extraction EDAT- 2019/06/15 06:00 MHDA- 2019/09/19 06:00 CRDT- 2019/06/15 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/05/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/06/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/09/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/06/15 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0045-6535(19)31163-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.242 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chemosphere. 2019 Oct;233:724-732. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.242. Epub 2019 Jun 5.