PMID- 31206692 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200817 LR - 20200817 IS - 1469-7793 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3751 (Linking) VI - 597 IP - 16 DP - 2019 Aug TI - A mouse model of gestational glucose intolerance through exposure to a low protein diet during fetal and neonatal development. PG - 4237-4250 LID - 10.1113/JP277884 [doi] AB - KEY POINTS: Pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction is hypothesized to be the significant determinant of gestational diabetes pathogenesis, however pancreatic samples from patients are scarce. This study reports a novel mouse model of gestational glucose intolerance in pregnancy, originating from previous nutrition restriction in utero, in which glucose intolerance was restricted to late gestation as is seen in human gestational diabetes. Glucose intolerance was attributed to reduced beta-cell proliferation, leading to impaired gestational beta-cell mass expansion in maternal endocrine pancreas, in addition to reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This model reproduces some of the features of gestational diabetes and is suitable for testing safe therapeutic interventions that increase beta-cell mass during pregnancy and prevent or reverse gestational glucose intolerance. ABSTRACT: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent form of diabetes that appears during pregnancy. Pathological studies link a failure to adaptively increase maternal pancreatic beta-cell mass (BCM) in pregnancy to GDM. Due to the scarcity of pancreatic samples from GDM patients, we sought to develop a novel mouse model for impaired gestational glucose tolerance. Mature female C57Bl/6 mouse offspring (F1) born to dams fed either a control (C) or low-protein (LP) diet during gestation and lactation were randomly allocated into two subsequent study groups: pregnant (CP, LPP) or non-pregnant (CNP, LPNP). Glucose tolerance tests were performed at gestational day (GD) 9, 12 and 18. Subsequently, pancreata were removed for fluorescence immunohistochemistry to assess alpha-cell mass (ACM), BCM and beta-cell proliferation. An additional group of animals was used to measure insulin secretion from isolated islets at GD18. LPP females displayed glucose intolerance compared to CP females at GD18 (P < 0.001). BCM increased threefold at GD18 in CP females. However, LPP females had reduced BCM expansion (P < 0.01) concurrent with reduced beta-cell proliferation at GD12 (P < 0.05). LPP females also had reduced ACM expansion at GD18 (P < 0.01). LPP islets had impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro compared to CP islets (P < 0.01). Therefore, impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy is associated with a failure to adequately adapt BCM, as a result of reduced beta-cell proliferation, in addition to lower glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This model could be used to evaluate novel interventions during pregnancy to increase BCM or function as a strategy to prevent/reverse GDM. CI - (c) 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology (c) 2019 The Physiological Society. FAU - Szlapinski, Sandra K AU - Szlapinski SK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2698-7224 AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada. AD - Lawson Health Research Institute, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor St., F4-124, London, ON, Canada. FAU - King, Renee T AU - King RT AD - Lawson Health Research Institute, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor St., F4-124, London, ON, Canada. FAU - Retta, Gabrielle AU - Retta G AD - Lawson Health Research Institute, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor St., F4-124, London, ON, Canada. FAU - Yeo, Erica AU - Yeo E AD - Lawson Health Research Institute, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor St., F4-124, London, ON, Canada. FAU - Strutt, Brenda J AU - Strutt BJ AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada. AD - Lawson Health Research Institute, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor St., F4-124, London, ON, Canada. FAU - Hill, David J AU - Hill DJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2490-5678 AD - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada. AD - Lawson Health Research Institute, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor St., F4-124, London, ON, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190711 PL - England TA - J Physiol JT - The Journal of physiology JID - 0266262 SB - IM CIN - J Physiol. 2019 Sep;597(18):4689-4690. PMID: 31374125 MH - Animal Feed/analysis MH - Animals MH - Animals, Newborn MH - Diabetes, Gestational/*chemically induced MH - Diet/veterinary MH - Diet, Protein-Restricted/*adverse effects MH - Female MH - Fetal Development MH - Glucose Intolerance MH - Glucose Tolerance Test MH - Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism MH - Male MH - Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Mice MH - Pregnancy MH - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - glucose tolerance OT - insulin secretion OT - low protein diet OT - mouse OT - pregnancy OT - beta-cell mass EDAT- 2019/06/18 06:00 MHDA- 2020/08/18 06:00 CRDT- 2019/06/18 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/06/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/08/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/06/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1113/JP277884 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Physiol. 2019 Aug;597(16):4237-4250. doi: 10.1113/JP277884. Epub 2019 Jul 11.